R. A. Herbsleb, R. O. K., J. F. Short, and W. L. Smith, 1993: Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) for ARM. Proc. Fourth Symp. on Global Change Studies. Anaheim, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
R. B. Smith, T. T., R. T. Wetherald, and D. Williamson, 1992: Some results from an intercomparison of the climates simulated by 14 atmospheric general circulation models. J. Geophys. Res., 97(D12), 12771-12786.
R. G. Onstott, I. R., K. Steffen, and D. P. Winebrenner, 1992: Considerations for microwave remote sensing of thin sea ice. Microwave Remote Sensing of Sea Ice, Geophys. Monogr., Vol. 68. Amer. Geophys. Union, 291-301.
R. Novakov, J. O., L. F. Radke, S. E. Schwartz, and L. Travis, 1994: Quantifying and minimizing the uncertainty of climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 375-400.
Raabe, A., 1983: On the relation between the drag coefficient and fetch above the sea in the case of off shore wind in the near-shore zone. Z. Meteor., 6, 363-367.
Raabe, A., 1991: Die Ho® he der internen Grenzschicht. Z. Meteor., 41, 251-261.
Raabe, A., K. Arnold, and A. Ziemann, 2002: Horizontal Turbulent Fluxes of Sensible Heat and Horizontal Homogeneity in Micrometeorological Experiments. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 19, 1225-1230.
Raasch, S., 1990: Numerical simulation of the development of the convective boundary layer during a cold air outbreak. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 52, 349-375.
Raasch, S. and G. Harbusch, 2001: An Analysis of Secondary Circulations and their Effects Caused by Small-Scale Surface Inhomogeneities Using Large-Eddy Simulation. Bound. Layer Meteor., 101, 31-59.
Raash, S. and D. Etling, 1991: Numerical simulation of rotating turbulent thermal convection. Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 64, 185-199.
Raatz, W., R. Schnell, and B. Bodhaine, 1985: The distribution and transport of pollution aerosols over the Norwegian arctic on 31 March and 4 April 1983. Atmos. Environ., 19, 2135-2142.
Raatz, W., R. Schnell, B. Bodhaine, and S. Oltmas, 1985: Observations of arctic haze over flights from Alaska to Norway. Atmos. Environ., 19, 2143-2151.
Rabier, F. and P. Courtier, 1992: Four-dimensional assimilation in the presence of baroclinic instability. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 118, 649-672.
Rabier, F., P. Courtier, and O. Talagrand, 1992: On application of adjoint models to sensitivity analysis. Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 65, 177-192.
Rabier, F., N. Fourrie, D. Chafai, and P. Prunet, 2002: Channel selection methods for Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer radiances. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 128, 1011-1028.
Rabier, F., H. Jarvinen, E. Klinker, J.-F. Mahfouf, and A. Simmons, 2000: The ECMWF operational implementation of four-dimensional variational assimilation. I: Experimental results with simplified physics. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 126, 1143-1170.
Rabier, F., Klinker, P. Courtier, B. Strauss, and M. Herveou, 1994: Sensitivity of forecast error to initial conditions using the adjoint technique. Proc. 10th Conf. on Numerical Weather Prediction, Portland, OR, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 463-465.
Rabier, F., E. Klinker, P. Courtier, and A. Hollingsworth, 1995: Sensitivity of two-day forecast errors over the Northern Hemisphere to initial conditions. Preprints, Second Int. Symp. on Assimilation of Observations in Meteorology and Oceanography, Tokyo, Japan.
Rabier, F., E. Klinker, P. Courtier, and A. Hollingsworth, 1996: Sensitivity of two-day forecast errors over the Northern Hemisphere to initial conditions. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 122, 121-150.
Rabin, R. H. and R. Doviak, 1989: Meteorological and astronomical influences on radar reflectivity in the convective boundary layer. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 1226-1235.
Rabin, R. M., R. J. Doviak, and A. Sundara-Rajan, 1982: Doppler Radar Observations of Momentum Flux in a Cloudless Convective Layer With Rolls. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 851–863.
Rabin, R. M., L. A. McMurdie, C. M. Hayden, and G. S. Wade, 1991: Monitoring precipitable water and surface wind over the Gulf of Mexico from microwave and VAS satellite imagery. Wea. Forecasting, 6, 62-87.
Rabin, R. M., S. Stadler, P. J. Wetzel, D. J. Stensrud, and M. Gregory, 1990: Observed effects of landscape variability on convective clouds. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 272-280.
Rabin, R. M. and D. S. Zrnic, 1980: Subsynoptic-scale vertical wind revealed by dual Doppler-radar and VAD analysis. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 644-654.
Rabiner, R. L. and B. Gold, 1975: Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing. Prentice-Hall, 772.
Rabinoff, R. A. and B. M. Herman, 1973: Effect of aerosol size distribution on the accuracy of the integrating nephelometer. J. Appl. Meteor., 12, 184-186.
Racette, P., R. F. Adler, and G. R. North, 1988: A proposed Tropical Rain-fall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 69, 278-295.
Racette, P., L. R. Dod, J. C. Shiue, R. F. Adler, D. M. Jackson, A. J. Gasiewski, and D. S. Zacharias, 1992: Millimeter-wave imaging radiometer for cloud, precipitation, and atmospheric water vapor studies. Proc. Int. Geosci. Remote Sensing Symp., Houston, TX.
Raddatz, R. L. and J. D. Cummine, 2001: Temporal Surface Ozone Patterns in Urban Manitoba, Canada. Bound. Layer Meteor., 99, 411-428.
Raddatz, R. L. and M. L. Khandekar, 1979: Upslope enhanced extreme rainfall events over the Canadian western plains: a mesoscale numerical simulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 650661.
Radinovic¥, D., 1965: On the forecasting of cyclogenesis in the west Mediterranean and other areas bounded by mountain ranges by baroclinic model. Arch. Meteor. Geophys. Bioklimatol., A14, 391-408.
Radke, L. F., C. A. Brock, J. H. Lyons, P. V. Hobbs, and R. C. Schnell, 1989: Aerosol and lidar measurements of hazes in midlatitude and polar air masses. Atmos. Environ., 23, 2417-2430.
Radke, L. F. and P. V. Hobbs, 1969: An automatic cloud condensation nuclei counter. J. Appl. Meteor., 8, 105-109.
Radke, L. F. and P. V. Hobbs, 1969: Measurement of cloud condensation nuclei, light scattering coefficient, sodium containing particles, and Aitken Nuclei in the Olympic Mountains of Washington. J. Atmos. Sci., 26, 281-288.
Radke, L. F. and P. V. Hobbs, 1991: Humidity and particle fields around some small cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1190-1193.
Radke, L. F., P. V. Hobbs, and J. E. Pinnons, 1976: Observations of cloud condensation nuclei, sodium-containing particles, ice nuclei and the light-scattering coefficient near Barrow, Alaska. J. Appl. Meteor., 15, 982-995.
Radke, L. F., J. A. C. Jr., and M. D. King, 1989: Direct and remote sensing observation of the effect of ships on clouds. Science, 246, 1146-1149.
Radnoti, G., 1995: Comments on ''A spectral limited-area formulation with time-dependent boundary conditions applied to the shallow-water equations.'' Mon. Wea. Rev. 123, 3122-3123.
Radok, U., 1949: A remarkable thunderstorm flight record. Aust. J. Sci. Res. Ser. A Phys. Sci., 2, 550-563.
Radok, U., 1973: On the energetics of surface winds over the Antarctic ice cap. Energy Fluxes over Polar Surfaces. WMO Tech. Note, No. 129, 69-100.
Radok, U., 1973: On the energetics of surface winds over the Ant-arctic ice cap. Energy Fluxes over Polar Surfaces, WMO Tech. Note No. 129. 69-100.
Raga, G., 1989: Characteristics of cumulus band clouds off the east coast of Hawaii, University of Washington, 150 pp,
Raga, G., J. B. Jensen, and M. B. Baker, 1990: Characteristics of cumulus band clouds off the coast of Hawaii. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 338355.
Raga, G. B. and and, 1993: Microphysical and radiative properties of small cumulus clouds over the sea. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 1399-1417.
Raga, G. B., J. B. Jensen, and M. B. Baker, 1990: Characteristics of cumulus band clouds off the coast of Hawaii. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 338-355.
Raga, G. B. and P. R. Jonas, 1993: On the link between cloud-top radiative properties and subcloud aerosol concentrations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 1419-1425.
Raghava, R., K. Laval, R. Sadourny, and J. Polcher, 1995: Atmospheric response to tropical denuding of vegetation. Atmos. Environ., 29, 1963-2000.
Rahman, K. and C. S. Campbell, 2002: Particle pressures generated around bubbles in gas-fluidized beds. J. Fluid Mech., 455, 103-128.
Rahmstorf, S., 1993: A fast and complete convection scheme for ocean models. (Unpublished manuscript) Ocean Modelling. 101, 9-11.
Rahmstorf, S., 1994: Multiple convective patterns and thermohaline flow in an idealized OGCM. J. Climate, 8, 3028-3039.
Rahmstorf, S., 1994: Rapid climate transitions in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Nature, 372, 82-85.
Rahmstorf, S., 1995: Climate drift in an OGCM coupled to a simple, perfectly matched atmosphere. Climate Dyn., 11, 447-458.
Rahmstorf, S., J. Marotzke, and J. Willebrand, 1996: Stability of the thermohaline circulation. The Warm Water Sphere of the North Atlantic.
Rahmstorf, S. and J. Willebrand, 1995: The role of temperature feed-back in stabilising the thermohaline circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 787-805.
Rahn, K. A., R. D. Borys, and G. E. Shaw, 1977: Asian source of Arctic haze bands. Nature, 268, 713-715.
Raible, C. C., G. Bischof, K. Fraedrich, and E. Kirk, 2001: Reply. Wea. Forecasting, 16, 768-770.
Raible, C. C., U. Luksch, K. Fraedrich, and R. Voss, 2001: North Atlantic decadal regimes in a coupled GCM simulation. Climate Dynamics, 18, 321-330.
Raich, J. W., E. B. Rastetter, J. M. Melillo, D. W. Kicklighter, P. A. Steudler, and B. J. Peterson, 1991: Potential net primary pro-ductivity of South America: Application of a global model. Ecol Application, 1, 399-429.
rainfall (mm) over the United States. Arkin, P. A. and P. E. Ardanuy, 1989: Estimating climatic-scale precipitation from space: A review. J. Climate, 2, 1229-1238.
Rainville, L. and R. Pinkel, 2001: Wirewalker: An Autonomous Wave-Powered Vertical Profiler. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 18, 1048-1051.
Raisanen, J., 2002: CO2-Induced Changes in Interannual Temperature and Precipitation Variability in 19 CMIP2 Experiments. J. Climate, 15, 2395-2411.
Räisänen, J., 1997: Height Tendency Diagnostics Using a Generalized Omega Equation, the Vorticity Equation, and a Nonlinear Balance Equation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1577-1597.
Raisanen, J. and R. Joelsson, 2001: Changes in average and extreme precipitation in two regional climate model experiments. Tellus, 53, 547-566.
Raisanen, J. and T. N. Palmer, 2001: A Probability and Decision-Model Analysis of a Multimodel Ensemble of Climate Change Simulations. J. Climate, 14, 3212-3226.
Raisanen, J., M. Rummukainen, and A. Ullerstig, 2001: Downscaling of greenhouse gas induced climate change in two GCMs with the Rossby Centre regional climate model for northern Europe. Tellus, 53, 168.
Räisänen, P., 1998: Effective Longwave Cloud Fraction and Maximum-Random Overlap of Clouds:A Problem and a Solution. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 3336-3340.
Räisänen, P., 1999: Parameterization of Water and Ice Cloud Near-Infrared Single-Scattering Co-Albedo in Broadband Radiation Schemes. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 626-641.
Rajagopalan, B., E. Cook, and B. K. Ray, 2000: Spatiotemporal Variability of ENSO and SST Teleconnections to Summer Drought over the United States during the Twentieth Century. J. Climate, 13, 4244.
Rajagopalan, B., U. Lall, and S. E. Zebiak, 2002: Categorical Climate Forecasts through Regularization and Optimal Combination of Multiple GCM Ensembles. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1792-1811.
Rajaram, H. and K. P. Georgakakos, 1989: Recursive parameter estimation of hydrologic models. Water Resour. Res., 25(2), 281-294.
Rajendran, K., R. S. Nanjundiah, and J. Srinivasan, 2002: Comparison of seasonal and intraseasonal variation of tropical climate in NCAR CCM2 GCM with two different cumulus schemes. Meteor. Atmos. Phy., 79, 57-86.
Rajopadhyaya, D. K., P. T. May, and R. A. Vincent, 1993: A general approach to the retrieval of raindrop size distributions from wind profiler Doppler spectra: Modeling results. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 710-717.
Rajopadhyaya, D. K., P. T. May, and R. A. Vincent, 1994: The retrieval of ice particle size information from VHF wind profiler Doppler spectra. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 11, 1559-1568.
Rakovec, J., J. Merse, S. Jernej, and B. Paradiz, 2002: Turbulent dissipation of the cold-air pool in a basin: comparison of observed and simulated development. Meteor. Atmos. Phy., 79, 195-214.
Ralph, F. M., 1995: Using radar-measured radial velocities to distin-guish precipitation scattering from clear-air scattering. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 257-267.
Ralph, F. M., 1997: Comments on "Use of Ducting Theory in an Observed Case of Gravity Waves". J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2237-2239.
Ralph, F. M., L. Armi, J. M. Bane, C. Dorman, W. D. Neff, P. J. Neiman, W. Nuss, and P. O. G. Persson, 1998: Observations and Analysis of the 10-11 June 1994 Coastally Trapped Disturbance. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2435-2465.
Ralph, F. M., M. Crochet, and S. V. V. M., 1993: Observations of a mesoscale ducted gravity wave. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3277-3291.
Ralph, F. M., M. Crochet, and S. V. Venkateswaran, 1993: Observations of a mesoscale ducted gravity wave. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3277-3291.
Ralph, F. M., C. Mazaudier, M. Crochet, and S. V. Venkateswaran, 1993: Doppler sodar and radar wind-profiler observations of gravity-wave activity associated with a gravity current. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 444-463.
Ralph, F. M., P. J. Neiman, L. S. Fedor, and B. L. Weber, 1992: Nonstationary trapped lee waves: Wind profiler, RASS, and satellite observations. Preprints, Sixth Conf. on Mountain Meteorology, Portland, OR, Amer. Meteor., Soc. 68-75.
Ralph, F. M., P. J. Neiman, D. W. v. d. Kamp, and D. C. Law, 1995: Using spectral moment data from NOAA's 404-MHz radar wind profilers to observe precipitation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 76, 1717-1739.
Ralph, F. M., P. J. Neiman, and T. L. Keller, 1999: Deep-Tropospheric Gravity Waves Created by Leeside Cold Fronts. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 2986-3009.
Ralph, F. M., P. J. Neiman, T. L. Keller, D. Levinson, and L. Fedor, 1997: Observations, Simulations, and Analysis of Nonstationary Trapped Lee Waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1308-1333.
Ralph, F. M., P. J. Neiman, P. O. G. Persson, J. M. Bane, M. L. Cancillo, J. M. Wilczak, and W. Nuss, 2000: Kelvin Waves and Internal Bores in the Marine Boundary Layer Inversion and Their Relationship to Coastally Trapped Wind Reversals. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 283-300.
Ralph, F. M., P. J. Nieman, and D. Ruffieux, 1995: An objective method for using wind profiler spectral moment data to distinguish between Rayleigh and Bragg scattering for identification of precipitation type. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., submitted.
Ralph, F. M., M. A. Shapiro, P. J. Neiman, and J. Miletta, 1994: Observations of multiple mesoscale cyclones (50-700 km) within synoptic scale cyclones. The Life Cycles of Extratropical Cyclones, Vol. III. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 192-198.
Ramachandran, S., V. Ramaswamy, and A. Robock, 2000: Radiative impact of the Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption: Lower stratospheric response. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24409.
Ramage, C. S., 1959: Hurricane development. J. Meteor., 16, 227-237.
Ramage, C. S., 1968: Role of a tropical ''Maritime Continent'' in the atmospheric circulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 96, 365-370.
Ramage, C. S., 1978: Bring back analysis. Preprints, Conf. on Weather Forecasting and Analysis and Aviation Meteorology, Silver Spring, MD.
Ramage, C. S., 1982: Have precipitation forecasts improved? Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.. 63, 739-743.
Ramage, C. S., 1984: Can shipboard measurements reveal secular changes in tropical air-sea heat flux? J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 23, 187-193.
Ramage, C. S., 1987: Secular change in reported surface wind speeds over the ocean. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 26, 525-528.
Ramage, C. S., 1993: Forecasting in meteorology. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 1863Ò18-71.
Ramage, C. S. and A. M. Hori, 1981: Meteorological aspect of El Ninòo. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1827-1835.
Ramage, C. S. and C. R. V. Raman, 1972: Meteorological atlas of the Indian Ocean Expedition. Vol. 2, Upper Air, National Science Foundation. 121 charts.
Ramage, C. S. and T. A. Schroeder, 1999: Trade Wind Rainfall atop Mount Waialeale, Kauai. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2217-2226.
Ramage, C. W., 1975: Discussion of the meteorology of the 197273 El NiÒo. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 56, 234-242.
Ramamurthy, M. K. and F. H. Carr, 1987: Four-dimensional data assimilation in the monsoon region. Part I: Experiments with wind data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1678-1706.
Ramamurthy, M. K., R. M. Rauber, B. P. Collins, M. T. Shields, P. C. Kennedy, and W. L. Clark, 1991: UNIWIPP: A University of Illinois field experiment to investigate the structure of mesoscale precipitation in winter storms. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 72, 764-776.
Raman, S. and A. J. Riordan, 1988: The Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment: The planetary-boundary-layer subprogram of GALE. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 69, 161-172.
Ramanathan, R., R. Engle, C. W. J. Granger, R. Vahid-Araghi, and C. Brace, 1997: Short-term forecasts of elecitricity loads and peaks. Int. J. Forecasting, 13, 161-174.
Ramanathan, V., 1977: Interactions between icealbedo, lapserate and cloud-top feedbacks: An analysis of the nonlinear response of a GCM climate model. J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1885-1897.
Ramanathan, V., 1987: The role of Earth Radiation Budget studies in climate and general circulation research. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 4075-4094.
Ramanathan, V., 1988: The greenhouse theory of climate change: A test by an inadvertent global experiment. Science, 240, 293-299.
Ramanathan, V. and and, 1993: A thermostat in the Tropics? Nature, 361, 410-412.
Ramanathan, V., B. R. Barkstrom, and E. F. Harrison, 1989: Climate and the earth's radiation budget. Phys. Today, 42, 22-32.
Ramanathan, V., R. D. Cess, E. F. Harrison, P. Minnis, B. R. Barkstorm, E. Ahmad, and D. Hartmann, 1989: Radiative cloud forcing and climate: Results from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment. Science, 121, 985-1004.
Ramanathan, V., R. D. Cess, E. F. Harrison, P. Minnis, B. R. Bark-storm, and D. Hartman, 1989: Cloud-radiative forcing and climate: Results from the earth's radiation budget experiment. Science, 243, 57-63.
Ramanathan, V. and Coauthors, 1987: Climate chemical interactions and effects of changing atmospheric trace gases. Rev. Geophys., 25, 1441-1482.
Ramanathan, V. and Coauthors, 1995: Warm pool heat budget and shortwave cloud forcing: A missing physics? Science, 267, 499-503.
Ramanathan, V. and W. Collins, 1991: Thermodynamic regulation of ocean warming by cirrus clouds deduced from observations of the 1987 El Nino. Nature, 351, 27-32.
Ramanathan, V., M. Lian, and R. Cess, 1979: Increased atmospheric CO 2 : Zonal and seasonal estimates of the effect on the radiation energy balance and surface temperature. J. Geophys. Res., 84, 4949-4958.
Ramanathan, V., E. J. Pitcher, R. C. Malone, and M. L. Blackmon, 1983: The response of a general circulation model to refinements in radiative processes. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 605-630.
Ramanathan, V., B. Subasilar, G. J. Zhang, W. Conant, R. D. Cess, J. T. Kiehl, H. Grassl, and L. Shi, 1995: Warm pool heat budget and short-wave cloud forcing: A missing physics. Science, 267, 499-503.
Ramanthan, V. and W. Collins, 1991: Thermodynamic regulation of ocean warming by cirrus clouds deduced from observations of the 1987 El Ninòo. Nature, 351, 27-32.
Ramasastry, A. A., M. B. M. Rao, and N. C. Biswas, 1985: Weather. post monsoon season (October-December, 1984). Mausam, 36.
Ramaswamy, V., 1988: Dehydration mechanism in the Antarctic stratosphere during winter. Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 8-63.
Ramaswamy, V. and and, 1992: A study of broadband parameterizations of the solar radiative interactions with water vapor and water drops. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 11487-11512.
Ramaswamy, V. and M. M. Bowen, 1994: Effect of changes in radiatively active species upon the lower stratospheric temperatures. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 18909-18921.
Ramaswamy, V. and C.-T. Chen, 1993: An investigation of the global solar radiative forcing due to changes in liquid water path. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 16703-16712.
Ramaswamy, V. and A. Detwiler, 1986: Interdependence of radiation and microphysics in cirrus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2289-2301.
Ramaswamy, V. and S. M. Freidenreich, 1991: Solar radiative line-by-line determination of water vapor absorption and water cloud extinction in inhomogeneous atmospheres. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 9133-9157.
Ramaswamy, V. and S. M. Friedenreich, 1992: A study of broadband parameterizations of the solar radiative interactions with water vapor and water drops. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 11 487-11 512. Revercomb.
Ramaswamy, V. and V. Ramanathan, 1989: Solar absorption by cirrus clouds and the maintenance of the tropical upper troposphere thermal structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2293-2310.
Ramaswamy, V., M. D. Schwarzkopf, and W. J. Randel, 1995: An unanticipated climate change in the global lower stratosphere due to ozone depletion. Nature, in press.
Ramchandran, P. M., R. Ramchandran, K. S. Gupta, S. M. Patil, and P. N. Jadhav, 2002: Atmospheric Surface-Layer Processes During the Total Solar Eclipse Of 11 August 1999. Bound. Layer Meteor., 104, 445 - 461.
Rame, E., 2001: The spreading of surfactant-laden liquids with surfactant transfer through the contact line. J. Fluid Mech., 440, 205-234.
Ramirez, J. A. and S. U. S. Senarath, 2000: A Statistical-Dynamical Parameterization of Interception and Land Surface--Atmosphere Interactions. J. Climate, 13, 4050.
Ramond, D., H. Corbin, M. Desbois, G. Szejwach, and P. Waldteufel, 1981: The dynamics of polar jet streams as depicted by the Me-teosat WV channel radiance field. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 2164-2176.
Ramos, R. V. and R. F. Souza, 2002: Calculation of the Quantum Entanglement Measure of Bipartite States, Based on Relative Entropy, Using Genetic Algorithms. J. Compu. Phy., 175, 576-583.
Rampino, M. R. and S. Self, 1982: Historic eruptions of Tambora (1815), Krakatoa ( 1883), and Agung ( 1963) : Their stratospheric aerosols and climatic impact. Quat. Res., 18, 127-163.
Ramsden, D. and G. S. Holloway, 1992: Energy transfers across an internal wave-vortical mode spectrum. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 3659-3668.
Rancic, M., 1988: Forth-order horizontal advection schemes on the semi-staggered grid. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1274-1288.
Rancic, M., 1992: Semi-Lagrangian piecewise biparabolic scheme for two-dimensional horizontal advection of a passive scalar. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1394-1406.
Rancic, M., 1995: An efficient, conservative monotonic remapping for semi-Lagrangian transport algorithms. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 1213-1217.
Rancic, M. and S. Nickovic, 1988: Numerical testing of E-grid horizontal advection schemes on the hemisphere. Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 61, 265-273.
Rancic, M., R. J. Purser, and F. Mesinger, 1996: A global shallow water model using an expanded spherical cube: Gnomonic versus conformal coordinate. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., In press.
Rancillac, F. and A. Despres, 1986: Resultats de la Vieme campagne Europeenne de mesure de la pollution atmospherique a Fos (1983). Final Rep. Commissariat a l'Energie Atomque. Fontenay aux Roses, France, 105.
Rand, H. A. and C. S. Bretherton, 1993: The relevance of mesoscale entrainment instability to the marine cloud-topped atmospheric boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1152-1157.
Randall, D. A., 1980: Conditional instability of the first kind upsidedown. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 125-130.
Randall, D. A., 1980: Conditional instability of the first kind upside-down. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 125-130.
Randall, D. A., 1980: Entrainment into a stratocumulus layer with distributed radiative cooling. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 148-159.
Randall, D. A., 1984: Buoyant production and consumption of turbulence ki-netic energy in cloud-topped mixed layers. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 402-413.
Randall, D. A., 1987: Turbulent fluxes of liquid water and buoyancy in partly cloudy layers. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 850-858.
Randall, D. A., 1989: Cloud parameterization for climate models: Status and prospects. Atmos. Res., 23, 345-362.
Randall, D. A., 1989: Cloud parameterization for climate modeling: Status and prospects. Atmos. Res., 23, 341-361.
Randall, D. A., 1989: Cloud parameterization for climate modeling; stratus and prospects. Atmos. Res., 23, 345-361.
Randall, D. A., J. A. Abeles, and T. G. Corsetti, 1985: Seasonal simulations of planetary boundary layer and planetary stratocumulus clouds with a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 641-676.
Randall, D. A., J. A. Coakley, Jr., C. W. Fairall, R. A. Kropfli, and D. H. Lenschow, 1984: Outlook for research on subtropical marine stratiform clouds. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 65, 1290-1301.
Randall, D. A. and Coauthors, 1992: Intercomparison and interpretation of surface energy fluxes in atmospheric general cir- culation models. J. Geophys. Res., 97(D4), 3711Ò37-24.
Randall, D. A. and Coauthors, 1992: Intercomparison and interpretation of surface energy fluxes in atmospheric general circulation models. J. Geophys. Res., 97(D4), 3711-3724.
Randall, D. A., T. G. Corsetti, Harshvardhan, and D. A. Dazlich, 1989: Interactions among radiation, convection, and large-scale dynamics in a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1943-1970.
Randall, D. A. and D. A. Dazlich, 1991: Diurnal variability of the hydrologic cycle in a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 40-62.
Randall, D. A., Harshvardan, and D. A. Dazlich, 1991: Diurnal variability of the hydrological cycle in a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 40-62.
Randall, D. A., Harshvardhan, D. A. Dazlich, and T. G. Corsetti, 1989: Interactions among radiation, convection, and large-scale dynamics in a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1943-1970.
Randall, D. A., Q. Hu, K.-M. Xu, and S. K. Krueger, 1994: Radiative-convective disequilibrium. Atmos. Res., 31, 315-327.
Randall, D. A. and G. J. Huffman, 1980: A stochastic model of cumulus clumping. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2068-2078.
Randall, D. A., J. A. C. Jr., C. W. Fairall, R. A. Kropfli, and D. H. Lenschow, 1984: Outlook for research on subtropical marine stratiform clouds. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 65, 1290-1301.
Randall, D. A. and D.-M. Pan, 1993: Implementation of the Arakawa-Schubert cumulus parameterization with a prognostic closure. Cumulus Parameterization. Meteor. Monogr. No. 24, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 137-144.
Randall, D. A., Q. Shao, and C.-H. Moeng, 1992: A second-order bulk boundary-layer model. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1903-1923.
Randall, D. A. and J. Wang, 1992: The moist available energy of a conditionally unstable atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 240-255.
Randall, D. A., K.-M. Xu, R. C. J. Somerville, and S. Iacobellis, 1996: Single-column models and cloud ensemble models as links between observations and climate models. J. Climate, 9, 1683-1697.
Randel, W. J., 1987: The evaluation of winds from geopotential height data in the stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 3097-3120.
Randel, W. J., 1994: Observations of the 2-day wave in NMC stratospheric analyses. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 306-313.
Randel, W. J., B. A. Boville, J. C. Gille, P. L. Bailey, S. T. Massie, J. B. Kumer, J. L. Mergenthaler, and A. E. Roche, 1994: Simulation of stratospheric N2O in the NCAR CCM2: Comparison with CLAES data and global budget analyses. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2834-2845.
Randel, W. J. and J. B. Cobb, 1994: Coherent variations of monthly mean column ozone and lower stratospheric temperature. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 5433-5447.
Randel, W. J. and J. C. Gille, 1991: Kelvin wave variability in the upper stratosphere observed in SBUV ozone data. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2336-2349.
Randel, W. J., J. C. Gille, A. E. Roche, J. B. Kumer, J. L. Mergenthaler, J. W. Waters, E. F. Fishbein, and W. A. Lahoz, 1993: Planetary wave mixing in the subtropical stratosphere observed in UARS constituent data. Nature, 365, 533-535.
Randel, W. J. and I. M. Held, 1991: Phase speed spectra of transient eddy fluxes and critical layer absorption. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 688-697.
Randel, W. J. and L. R. Lait, 1991: Dynamics of the 4-day wave in the Southern Hemisphere polar stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2496-2508.
Randel, W. J. and J. L. Stanford, 1985: The observed lifecycle of a baroclinic instability. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1364-1373.
Randel, W. J. and D. L. Williamson, 1990: A comparison of the climate simulated by the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM1:R15) with ECMWF analyses. J. Climate, 3, 608-633.
Randel, W. J. and F. Wu, 1995: Climatology of stratospheric ozone based on SBUV and SBUV/ 2 data: 1978-1994. Tech. Note NCAR/ TN-412 / STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO.
Randel, W. J., F. Wu, J. M. R. III, A. Roche, and J. W. Waters, 1998: Seasonal Cycles and QBO Variations in Stratospheric CH4 and H2O Observed in UARS HALOE Data. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 163-185.
Randel, W. J., F. Wu, R. Swinbank, J. Nash, and A. O'Neill, 1999: Global QBO Circulation Derived from UKMO Stratospheric Analyses. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 457-474.
Randel, W. L. and J. L. Stanford, 1985: An observational study of medium-scale wave dynamics in the Southern Hemisphere. Part I: Wave structure and energetics. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1172-1188.
Randriamampianina, A., R. Schiestel, and M. Wilson, 2001: Spatio-temporal behaviour in an enclosed corotating disk pair. J. Fluid Mech., 434, 39-64.
Rangno, A. L., 1988: Rain from clouds warmer than 0 10C in Israel. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 114, 495-513.
Rangno, A. L. and and, 1991: Ice particle concentrations and precipitation development in small polar maritime cumuliform clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 117, 207Ò2-41.
Rangno, A. L. and and, 1991: Ice particle concentrations in small, maritime polar cumuliform clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 118, 105-126.
Rangno, A. L. and and, 1993: Further analyses of the Climax cloud-seeding experiments. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1837Ò18-47.
Rangno, A. L. and and, 1994: Ice particle concentrations and rainfall development in small continental cumuliform clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120, 573-601.
Rangno, A. L. and P. V. Hobbs, 1983: Production of ice particles in clouds due to aircraft penetrations. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 214-232.
Rangno, A. L. and P. V. Hobbs, 1987: A reevaluation of the Climax cloud seeding experiments using NOAA published data. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 26, 757Ò7-62.
Rangno, A. L. and P. V. Hobbs, 1988: Criteria for significant concentrations of ice particles in cumulus clouds. Atmos. Res., 22, 1-13.
Rangno, A. L. and P. V. Hobbs, 1990: Rapid development of high ice particle concentrations in small polar maritime cumuliform clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2710-2722.
Rangno, A. L. and P. V. Hobbs, 1991: Ie particle concentrations and precipitation development in small polar maritime cumuliform clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 117, 207-241.
Rangno, A. L. and P. V. Hobbs, 1991: Ice particle concentrations in small, maritime polar cumuliform clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 117, 207-241.
Ranz, W. E. and J. B. Wong, 1952: Impaction of dust and smoke particles. Ind. Eng. Chem., 44, 1371-1381.
Rao, C. R. N. and J. Chen, 1993: Calibration of the visible and near-infrared channels of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) after launch. Proc. Recent Advances in Sensors, Radiometric Calibration, and Processing of Remotely Sensed Data.
Rao, C. R. N., L. L. Stowe, and E. P. McClain, 1989: Remote sensing of aerosols over the oceans using AVHRR data: Theory, practice and application. Int. J. Remote Sens., 10, 743-749.
Rao, D. B., C. H. Mortimer, and D. J. Schwab, 1976: Surface normal modes of Lake Michigan: Calculations compared with spectra of observed water level fluctuations. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 6, 575-588.
Rao, G. V., 1966: On the influence of fields of motion, baroclinicity, and latent heart source on frontogenesis. J. Appl. Meteor., 5, 377-387.
Rao, G. V., 1971: A numerical study of the frontal circulation in the atmospheric boundary layer. J. Appl. Meteor., 10, 26-35.
Rao, G. V. and T.-H. Hor, 1991: Oserved momentum transport in monsoon convective cloud bands. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1075-1087.
Rao, G. V. and P. D. MacArthur, 1994: The SSM/ I estimated rainfall amounts of tropical cyclones and their potential in predicting the cyclone intensity changes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1568-1574.
Rao, K. B., C. V. Naidu, and O. Bhanukumar, 2001: Forecasting of Indian south-west monsoon rainfall. Meteor. Appl., 8, 245-252.
Rao, K. R., S. J. Holmes, R. K. Anderson, J. S. Winston, and P. E. Lehr, 1990: Weather Satellites: Systems, Data, and Environmental Applications. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 503.
Rao, K. S., J. C. Wyugaard, and O. R. Cote, 1974: The structure of a two-dimensional internal boundary layer over a sudden change of surface roughness. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 738-746.
Rao, M. P., S. Casadio, G. Fiocco, M. Cacciani, A. DiSarra, D. Fua, and P. Castracane, 2002: Estimation of Atmospheric Water Vapour Flux Profiles in the Nocturnal Unstable Urban Boundary Layer with Doppler Sodar and Raman Lidar. Bound. Layer Meteor., 102, 39-62.
Rao, N. X., S. C. Ou, and K. N. Liou, 1995: Removal of the solar component in AVHRR 3.7-mm radiances for the retrieval of cirrus cloud parameters. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 482-499.
Rao, P. A., H. E. Fuelberg, and K. K. Droegemeier, 1999: High-Resolution Modeling of the Cape Canaveral Area Land-Water Circulations and Associated Features. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 1808-1821.
Rao, P. A., C. S. Velden, and S. A. Braun, 2002: The Vertical Error Characteristics of GOES-Derived Winds: Description and Experiments with Numerical Weather Prediction. J. App. Meteor., 41, 253-271.
Rao, P. K. and H. F. Snodgrass, 1981: A non-stationary nocturnal drainage flow model. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 20, 309-320.
Rao, R., 1973: Linear Statistical Inferences and Its Applications. John Wiley, 548.
Rao, R. R., R. L. Molinari, and J. F. Festa, 1989: Evolution of the climatological mean surface thermal structure of the tropical Indian Ocean. 1. Description of mean monthly mixed layer depth, sea surface temperature, surface current and surface meteorological fields. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 10801-10815.
Rao, S. T. and I. Zurbenko, 1994: Detecting and tracking changes in ozone air quality. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 44, 1089-1095.
Rao, V. B., S. R. Chapa, J. P. R. Fernandez, and S. H. Franchito, 2002: A Diagnosis of Rainfall over South America during the 1997/98 El Nino Event. Part II: Roles of Water Vapor Transport and Stationary Waves. J. Climate, 15, 512-521.
Rao, V. B., J. P. R. Fernandez, and S. H. Franchito, 2000: Monsoonlike Circulations in a Zonally Averaged Numerical Model with Topography. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 779-794.
Rao, V. B., S. H. Franchito, and J. P. Reyes Fernandez, 2000: Comments on "Blocking over the South Pacific and Rossby Wave Propagation". Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 4160.
Rao, V. B., C. E. Santo, and S. H. Franchito, 2002: A Diagnosis of Rainfall over South America during the 1997/98 El Nino Event. Part I: Validation of NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis Rainfall Data. J. Climate, 15, 502-511.
Rao, Y. R. and C. R. Murthy, 2001: Comparative Analysis of Spectral, Empirical Orthogonal Function, and Wavelet Decompositions for an Upwelling Event. J. Atmos. Ocean Tech., 18, 704.
Raper, S. C. B., J. M. Gregory, and T. J. Osborn, 2001: Use of an upwelling-diffusion energy balance climate model to simulate and diagnose A/OGCM results. Climate Dynamics, 17, 601-614.
Raper, S. C. B., J. M. Gregory, and R. J. Stouffer, 2002: The Role of Climate Sensitivity and Ocean Heat Uptake on AOGCM Transient Temperature Response. J. Climate, 15, 124-130.
Rapp, R. and R. Smith, 1994: Preliminary estimates of Gulf Stream characteristics from TOPEX data and a precise gravimetric geoid. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 24707-24723.
Rapp, R. H., Y. Yi, and Y. M. Wang, 1994: Mean sea surface and geoid gradient comparison with TOPEX altimeter data. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 24657-24667.
Rapp, R. H., C. Zhang, and Y. Yi, 1996: Analysis of dynamic ocean topography using Topex data and orthonormal functions. J. Geophys. Res., in press.
Rapp, R. J. and W. K. Melville, 1990: Laboratory measurements of deep-water breaking waves. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, A331, 735-800.
Rappaport, E., 1992: Hurricane Andrew-A preliminary look. Mar. Wea. Log, 36, 17-25.
Rappaport, E. N., 1994: Hurricane Andrew. Weather, 49, 51-61.
Rappaport, E. N., 1999: Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1997. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2012-2026.
Rappaport, E. N., L. A. Avila, M. B. Lawrence, M. Mayfield, and R. J. Pasch, 1998: Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 1995. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1152-1162.
Rappaport, E. N. and F. Fernandez-Pastagas, 1955: The deadliest Atlantic tropical cyclones, 1492-1994. National Hurricane Center Publ., 47.
Rappaz, J., 1977: Approximation of the spectrum of a noncompact operator given by the magnetohydrodynamic stability of a plasma. Numer. Math., 28, 15-24.
Rasch, P. J., 1994: Conservative shapepreserving two-dimensional transport on a spherical reduced grid. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1337-1350.
Rasch, P. J. and and, 1991: The sensitivity of a general circulation model climate to the moisture transport formulation. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 13123-13137.
Rasch, P. J. and D. L. Williamso, 1990: Computational aspects of moisture transport in global models of the atmosphere. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 116, 1071-1090.
Rasch, P. J. and D. L. Williamso, 1990: On shapepreserving interpolation and semi-Lagrangian transport. SIAM J. Sci. Stat. Comput., 4, 656-687.
Raschke, E., 1988: The international satellite cloud climatology project, ISCCP, and its European regional experiment ICE (International Cirrus Experiment). Atmos. Res., 21, 191-201.
Raschke, E. and W. R. Bandeen, 1967: A quasi-global analysis of tropospheric water vapor content and its temporal variations from radiation data of the meteorological satellite TIROS IV. Space Res. VII, 920-931.
Raschke, E., P. Bauer, and H. J. Lutz, 1992: Remote sensing of clouds and surface radiation budget over polar regions. Int. J. Remote Sens., 13, 13-22.
Raschke, E., J. Schmetz, J. Heintzenberg, R. Kandel, and R. Saunders, 1990: The international cirrus experiment (ICE)-A joint European effort. Eur. Space Agency J., 14, 193-199.
Rasetarinera, P. and M. Y. Hussaini, 2001: An Efficient Implicit Discontinuous Spectral Galerkin Method. J. Comput. Phy., 172, 718-738.
Rasmussen, E., 1979: The polar low as an extratropical CISK disturbance. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 105, 531-549.
Rasmussen, E., 1981: An investigation of a polar low with a spiral cloud structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1785-1792.
Rasmussen, E. and J. Straka, 1995: Mobile mesonet observations of tornadoes during VORTEX '95. Preprints, Conference on Radar Meteorology, Vail, CO, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
Rasmussen, E. and C. Zick, 1987: A subsynoptic vortex over the Mediterra-nean with some resemblance to polar lows. Tellus, 39A, 408-425.
Rasmussen, E. A., J. M. Straka, R. P. Davies-Jones, C. E. D. III, F. Carr, M. Eilts, and D. R. MacGorman, 1994: Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment: VORTEX. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 1-12.
Rasmussen, E. M., 1967: Atmospheric water vapor transport and the water balance of North America. Part I: Characteristics of the water vapor flux field. Mon. Wea. Rev., 95, 403-426.
Rasmussen, E. M., 1968: Atmospheric water vapor transport and the water balance of North America. II. Large-scale water balance in-vestigations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 96, 720-734.
Rasmussen, E. M. and P. A. Arkin, 1993: A global view of large-scale precipitation variability. J. Climate, 6, 1495-1522.
Rasmussen, E. M., X. Wang, and C. F. Ropelewski, 1990: The biennial component of ENSO variability. J. Mar. Syst., 4, 71-96.
Rasmussen, E. N., R. P. Davies-Jones, C. A. D. III, J. M. Straka, F. H. Carr, M. D. Eilts, and D. R. MacGorman, 1994: The Verifications of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment: VORTEX. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 995-1006.
Rasmussen, E. N., S. Richardson, J. M. Straka, P. M. Markowski, and D. O. Blanchard, 2000: The Association of Significant Tornadoes with a Baroclinic Boundary on 2 June 1995. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 174-191.
Rasmussen, E. N. and S. A. Rutledge, 1993: Evolution of quasi-two-dimensional squall lines. Part I: Kinematic and reflectivity structures. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2584-2606.
Rasmussen, E. N. and P. K. Smolarkiewicz, 1993: On the dynamics of Hawaiian cloud bands. Part III: Local aspects. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1560-1572.
Rasmussen, E. N. and J. M. Straka, 1998: Variations in Supercell Morphology. Part I: Observations of the Role of Upper-Level Storm-Relative Flow. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2406-2421.
Rasmussen, E. N., J. M. Straka, R. Davies-Jones, C. A. D. III, F. H. Carr, M. D. Eilts, and D. R. MacGorman, 1994: Verification of the origins of rotation in tornadoes experiment: VORTEX. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 995-1006.
Rasmussen, E. N. and R. B. Wilhelmson, 1983: Relationships between storm characteristics and 1200 GMT hodograph, low level shear, and stability. Preprints, 13th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Tulsa, OK.
Rasmussen, L. A., H. Conway, and P. S. Hayes, 2001: Estimating Olympic Peninsula precipitation from upper air wind and humidity. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 1493.
Rasmussen, R. and Coauthors, 1992: Winter Icing and Storms Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 73, 951-974.
Rasmussen, R. and P. K. Smolarkiewicz, 1993: On the dynamics of Hawaiian cloud bands. Part III: Local aspects. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1560-1572.
Rasmussen, R. M. and and, 1987: Melting and shedding of graupel and hail. Part I: Model physics. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2754-2763.
Rasmussen, R. M., B. C. Bernstein, M. Murakami, G. Stossmeister, and J. Reisner, 1995: The 1990 Valentine's Day arctic outbreak. Part I: Mesoscale and microscale structure and evolution of a Colorado Front Range shallow upslope cloud. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 1481-1511.
Rasmussen, R. M. and Coauthors, 1992: Winter Icing and Storms Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 73, 951-974.
Rasmussen, R. M. and A. J. Heymsfield, 1985: A generalized form for impact velocities used to determine graupel accretional densities. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2275-2279.
Rasmussen, R. M., P. Smolakiewicz, and J. Warner, 1989: On the dynamics of the Hawaiian cloud bands: Comparison of model results with observations and island climatology. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1589-1595.
Rasmusson, E. and T. Carpenter, 1982: Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern Oscillation/ El Ninòo. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 354-384.
Rasmusson, E. M., 1966: Atmospheric water vapor transport and the hydrology of North America. Report No. A-1. Planetary Circulations Project, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1-70.
Rasmusson, E. M., 1967: Atmospheric water vapour transport and the water balance of North America. Part I: Characteristics of water vapor field. Mon. Wea. Rev., 95, 403-426.
Rasmusson, E. M., 1967: Atmospheric water vapor transport and the water balance of North America. Part 1. Characteristics of the water vapor flux field. Mon. Wea. Rev., 95, 403-426.
Rasmusson, E. M., 1968: Atmospheric water vapour transport and the water balance of North America. Part II: Large-scale water balance in-vestigations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 96, 720-734.
Rasmusson, E. M., 1968: Atmospheric water vapor transport and the water balance of North America. Part II. Large-scale water balance investigations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 96, 720-734.
Rasmusson, E. M., 1971: A study of the hydrology of eastern North America using atmospheric vapour flux data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 99, 119-135.
Rasmusson, E. M. and and, 1983: The relationship between eastern equatorial pacific sea surface temperatures and rainfall over India and Sri Lanka. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 517-528.
Rasmusson, E. M. and and, 1996: Large-scale atmospheric water vapor transport as evaluated from MC analyses. J. Climate, in press.
Rasmusson, E. M., P. A. Arkin, A. F. Krueger, R. S. Quiroy, and R. W. Reynolds, 1983: The equatorial Pacific atmospheric climate during 1982-83. Trop. Ocean-Atmos. Newslett., 21, 2-3.
Rasmusson, E. M. and T. C. Carpenter, 1982: Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface winds fields associated with the Southern Oscillation/ El Ninòo. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 354-384.
Rasmusson, E. M. and T. H. Carpenter, 1983: The relationship between eastern equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures and rainfall over India and Sri Lanka. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 517-528.
Rasmusson, E. M. and K. C. Mo, 1993: Linkages between 200-mb tropical and extratropical circulation anomalies during the 1986-1989 ENSO cycle. J. Climate, 6, 595-616.
Rasmusson, E. M. and K. C. Mo, 1996: Large-scale atmospheric water vapor transport as evaluated from NMC analyses. J. Climate, in press.
Rasmusson, E. M. and J. M. Wallace, 1983: Meteorological aspects of El Ninòo/ Southern Oscillation. Science, 222, 1195-1202.
Rasmusson, E. M., X. Wang, and C. F. Ropelewsk, 1990: The biennal component of ENSO variability. J. Mar. Sys., 1, 71-96.
Rasmusson, E. M., X. Wang, and C. Ropelewski, 1990: The biennial component of ENSO variability. Proc. 21st Int. Liege Colloquium on Ocean.
Ratcliffe, R., 1989: Northern Hemisphere circulation review. Int. J. Climatol., 9, 106-109.
Ratcliffe, R. A. S. and R. Murray, 1970: New lag associations between North Atlantic sea temperature and European pressure applied to long-range weather forecasting. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 96, 226-246.
Rathke, C. and J. Fischer, 2000: Retrieval of Cloud Microphysical Properties from Thermal Infrared Observations by a Fast Iterative Radiance Fitting Method. J. Atmos. Ocean Tech., 17, 1509.
Rathore, R. S., 1983: Cloud microphysical studies in the Arctic. M.S. thesis, Department of Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University.
Rattigan, O. V., J. Boniface, and D. R. Worsnop, 2000: Uptake of gas-phase SO2 in aqueous sulfuric acid: Oxidation by H2O2, O3, and HONO. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 29065.
Rattray, M., 1982: A simple exact treatment of the baroclinicitybathymetry interaction in a frictional, iterative, diagnostic ocean model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 997-1003.
Rattray, M., J. G. Dworski, and P. E. Kovala, 1969: Generation of long internal waves at the continental slope. Deep-Sea Res., 16(Suppl.), 179-195.
Rau, M., W.Ba®chlin, and E. Plate, 1991: Detailed design features of a new wind tunnel for studying the effects of thermal stratification. Atmos. Environ., 25A, 1258-1263.
Rauber, R., K. Beard, and B. Andrews, 1991: A mechanism for giant raindrop formation in warm, shallow convective clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1791-1797.
Rauber, R. M., 1987: Characteristics of cloud ice and precipitation during wintertime storms over the mountains of northern Colorado. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 26, 488-524.
Rauber, R. M., R. D. Elliott, J. O. Rhea, A. W. Huggins, and D. W. Reynolds, 1988: A diagnostic technique for targeting during air-borne seeding experiments in wintertime storms over the Sierra Nevada. J. Appl. Meteor., 27, 811-828.
Rauber, R. M. and L. O. Grant, 1986: The characteristics and distribution of cloud water over the mountains of Northern Colorado during wintertime storms. Part II: Spatial distribution and microphysical characteristics. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 25, 489-504.
Rauber, R. M. and L. O. Grant, 1987: Supercooled liquid water of a shallow orographic cloud system in southern Utah. J. Appl. Meteor., 26, 208-215.
Rauber, R. M., L. O. Grant, D. Feng, and J. B. Snider, 1986: The characteristics and distribution of cloud water over the mountains of northern Colorado during wintertime storms. Part I: Temporal variations. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 25, 468-488.
Rauber, R. M., L. S. Olthoff, M. K. Ramamurthy, D. Miller, and K. E. Kunkel, 2001: A Synoptic Weather Pattern and Sounding-Based Climatology of Freezing Precipitation in the United States East of the Rocky Mountains. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 1724-1747.
Rauber, R. M., M. K. Ramamurthy, and A. Tokay, 1994: Synoptic and mesoscale structure of a severe freezing rain event: The St. Valentine's Day ice storm. Wea. Forecasting, 9, 183-208.
Rauber, R. M. and R. W. Scott, 2001: Central Illinois Cold Air Funnel Outbreak. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2815-2821.
Raumfahrt, K. l., G. Blake, D. F., and K. Kato, 1995: Latitudinal distribution of black carbon soot in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 7195-7202.
Raupach, M. R., 1981: Conditional statistics of Reynolds stress in rough-wall and smooth wall turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech., 108, 363-382.
Raupach, M. R., 1992: Drag and drag partition on rough surfaces. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 60, 375-395.
Raupach, M. R., 1994: Simplified expressions for vegetation roughness length and zero-plane displacement as functions of canopy height and area index. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 71, 211-216; Corrigenda.
Raupach, M. R., 2001: Combination theory and equilibrium evaporation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1149-1182.
Raupach, M. R., R. A. Antonia, and S. Rajagopalan, 1991: Rough-wall turbulent boundary layers. Appl. Mech. Rev., 44, 1-25.
Raupach, M. R., P. A. Coppin, and B. J. Legg, 1986: Experiments on scalar dispersion within a model plant canopy. Part I: The turbulence structure. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 35, 21-52.
Raupach, M. R., J. J. Finnigan, and Y. Brunet, 1989: Coherent eddies in vegetation canopies. Fourth Australasian Conf. on Heat and Mass Transfer. Christchurch, New Zealand, 75-90.
Raupach, M. R. and R. H. Shaw, 1982: Averaging procedures for flow within vegetation canopies. Bound. Layer Meteor., 22, 79-90.
Raupach, M. R. and A. S. Thom, 1981: Turbulence in and above plant canopies. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 13, 97-129.
Raupach, M. R., A. S. Thom, and I. Edwards, 1980: A wind-tunnel study of turbulent flow close to regularly arrayed rough surfaces. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 18, 373-397.
Rausch, D., B. Ortix, R. Douthitt, and L. Reed, 1989: The Academic revolving door: Why do women get caught? CUPA Journal. 40, 1-16.
Raustein, E., H. Sundqvist, and K. B. Katsaros, 1990: Quantitative comparison between simulated cloudiness and clouds objectively derived from satellite data. Tellus, 43A, 306-320.
Raval, A., 1993: The axial momentum balance of earth and its fluid envelope. Surv. Geophys. 14, 1-29.
Raval, A., A. H. Oort, and V. Ramaswamy, 1994: Observed dependence of outgoing longwave radiation on sea surface temperature and moisture. J. Climate, 7, 807-821.
Raval, A. and V. Ramanathan, 1989: Observational determination of the greenhouse effect. Nature, 342, 758-761.
Raval, A., D. A. Salstein, and J. P. Peixoto, 1979: Variability in the annual fields of large-scale atmospheric water vapor transport. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 26-37.
Raval, A., M.-F. Wu, and J. P. Peixoto, 1976: Observational study of the interannual variability in certain features of the general circulation. J. Geophys. Res., 81, 6383-6389.
Ravetta, F. and G. Ancellet, 2000: Identification of Dynamical Processes at the Tropopause during the Decay of a Cutoff Low Using High-Resolution Airborne Lidar Ozone Measurements. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3252.
Ravetta, F., G. Ancellet, J. Kowol-Santen, R. Wilson, and D. Nedeljkovic, 1999: Ozone, Temperature, and Wind Field Measurements in a Tropopause Fold: Comparison with a Mesoscale Model Simulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2641-2653.
Rawlins, F., 1989: Aircraft measurements of the solar absorption by broken cloud fields: A case study. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 115, 365-382.
Rawlins, F. and J. S. Foot, 1990: Remotely sensed measurements of stratocumulus properties during FIRE using the C130 aircraft multichannel radiometer. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2488-2503.
Rawls, W. J. and M. Savabi, 1989: Infiltration parameters for rangeland soils. J. Range Manag., 42, 139-142.
Ray, D., 1965: Cellular convection with nonisotropic eddies. Tellus, 17, 434-439.
Ray, E., J. R. Holton, E. F. Fishbein, L. Froidevaux, and J. W. Waters, 1994: The tropical semiannual oscillation (SAO) in temperature and ozone as observed by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS). J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3045-3052.
Ray, J. D., D. H. Stedman, and G. J. Wendel, 1986: Fast chemilu-minescent method for measurement of ambient ozone. Anal. Chem. 58, 598-600.
Ray, P. S., 1972: Broadband complex refractive indices of ice and water. Appl. Opt., 11, 1836-1844.
Ray, P. S., 1976: Vorticity and divergence fields within tornadic storms from dual-Doppler observations. J. Appl. Meteor., 15, 879-890.
Ray, P. S., Ed., 1986: Mesoscale Meteorology and Forecasting. American Meteorological Soc., 793 pp.
Ray, P. S., 1990: Convective dynamics. Radar in Meteorology, Atlas, D., Ed., American Meteorological Society, 348-390.
Ray, P. S., R. J. Doviak, G. B. Walker, D. Sirmans, J. Carter, and B. Bumgarner, 1975: Dual-Doppler observations of a tornadic storm. J. Appl. Meteor., 14, 1421-1530.
Ray, P. S., B. Johnson, K. W. Johnson, J. S. Bradberry, J. J. Stephens, K. K. Wagner, R. B. Wilhelmson, and J. B. Klemp, 1981: The morphology of severe tornadic storms on 20 May 1977. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1643-1663.
Ray, P. S., D. P. Jorgensen, and S.-L. Wang, 1985: Airborne Doppler radar observations of a convective storm. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 24, 687-698.
Ray, P. S. and K. L. Sangren, 1983: Multiple-Doppler radar network design. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 1444-1454.
Ray, P. S. and M. Stephenson, 1990: Assessment of the geometry and temporal errors associated with airborne Doppler radar measurements of a convective storm. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 206-217.
Ray, P. S., C. L. Ziegler, and W. Bumgarner, 1980: Single- and multiple-Doppler radar observation of tornadic storms. Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 1607-1625.
Ray, R., B. Sanchez, and D. Cartwright, 1994: Some extensions to the response method of tidal analysis applied to the Topex/ Po-seidon altimetry (abstract). Eos. Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 75, p. 1-08.
Rayer, P. J., 1989: The Meteorological Office forecast road surface temperature model. Meteor. Mag., 116, 180-191.
Rayleigh, L., 1879: On the capillary phenomena of jets. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, 29, 71-97.
Rayleigh, L., 1880: On the stability, or instability, of certain fluid motions. Proc. London Math. Soc., 11, 57-70.
Rayleigh, L., 1914: On the theory of long waves and bores. Proc. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 90, 324-328.
Rayleigh, L., 1916: Convection currents in a horizontal layer of fluid. Phil. Mag., 32, 531- 546.
Rayment, R. and C. J. Readings, 1974: A case study of the structure and energetics of an inversion. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 100, 221-233.
Raymond, D. J., 1972: Calculation of airflow over an arbitrary ridge including diabetic heating and cooling. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 837-843.
Raymond, D. J., 1975: A model for predicting the movement of continuously propagating convective storms. J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1308-1317.
Raymond, D. J., 1976: Wave-CISK and convective meso-systems. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 2392-2398.
Raymond, D. J., 1978: Instability of the low-level jet and severe storm formation. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2274-2280.
Raymond, D. J., 1983: Wave-CISK in mass-flux form. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2561-2572.
Raymond, D. J., 1984: A wave-CISK model of squall lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1946-1958.
Raymond, D. J., 1986: Prescribed heating of a stratified atmosphere as a model for moist convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1101-1111.
Raymond, D. J., 1988: A C language-based modular system for analyzing and displaying gridded numerical data. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 5, 501-511.
Raymond, D. J., 1992: Nonlinear balance and potential-vorticity thinking at large Rossby number. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 118, 987-1105.
Raymond, D. J., 1993: Observational constraints on cumulus parameterizations. The Representation of Cumulus convection in Numerical Models. Meteor. Monogr. No. 24, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 17-28.
Raymond, D. J., 1993: Westerly wind bursts in the Western Equatorial Pacific: An air-sea interaction instability? Preprints, 20th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, San Antonio, TX.
Raymond, D. J., 1994: Convective processes and tropical atmospheric circulations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120, 1431-1455.
Raymond, D. J., 1994: Cumulus convection and the Madden-Julian oscillation of the tropical troposphere. Physica D, 77, 1-22.
Raymond, D. J., 1995: Radiative-convective-flux equilibrium over the tropical oceans. Preprints, 21st Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Miami, FL, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 521-523.
Raymond, D. J., 1995: Regulation of moist convection over the west Pacific warm pool. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 3945-3959.
Raymond, D. J. and and, 1992: Extension of the stochastic mixing model to cumulonimbus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1968-1983.
Raymond, D. J. and A. M. Blyth, 1986: A stochastic mixing model for nonprecipitating cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2708-2718.
Raymond, D. J. and A. M. Blyth, 1989: Precipitation development in a New Mexico thunderstorm. Quart. J. Roy Meteor. Soc., 115, 1397-1423.
Raymond, D. J. and K. A. Emanuel, 1993: The Kuo cumulus parameterization. The Representation of Cumulus Convection in numerical Models, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 145-147.
Raymond, D. J. and H. Jiang, 1990: A theory for long-lived meso-scale convective systems. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 3067-3077.
Raymond, D. J. and S. A. Lewis, 1995: Rotating convective disturbances in the trades. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 271-299.
Raymond, D. J. and R. Rotunno, 1989: Response of a stably stratified flow to cooling. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2830-2837.
Raymond, D. J., R. Solomon, and A. M. Blyth, 1991: Mass fluxes in New Mexico mountain thunderstorms from radar and aircraft measurements. Quart. J Roy. Meteor. Soc., 117, 587-621.
Raymond, D. J. and D. J. Torres, 1998: Fundamental Moist Modes of the Equatorial Troposphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1771-1790.
Raymond, D. J. and M. H. Wilkening, 1982: Flow and mixing in New Mexico mountain cumuli. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2211-2228.
Raymond, D. J. and M. H. Wilkening, 1985: Characteristics of mountain-induced thunderstorms and cumulus congestus clouds from budget measurements. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 773-783.
Raymond, D. J. and X. Zeng, 2000: Instability and large-scale circulations in a two-column model of the tropical troposphere. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 3117.
Raymond, W. H., 1988: High-order low-pass implicit tangent filters for use in finite area calculations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 2132-2141.
Raymond, W. H., 1997: A Theoretical Evaluation of the Relevance of Lognormal Distributions for the Moisture Flux and Wind Components. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 3018-3023.
Raymond, W. H., 2000: Moisture Advection Using Relative Humidity. J. App. Meteor., 39, 2397.
Raymond, W. H. and R. M. Aune, 1998: Improved Precipitation Forecasts Using Parameterized Precipitation Drag in a Hydrostatic Forecast Model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 693-710.
Raymond, W. H. and A. Garder, 1976: Selective damping in a Galerkin method for solving wave problems with variable grids. Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 1583-1590.
Raymond, W. H., W. S. Olson, and G. Callen, 1995: Diabatic forcing and initialization with assimilation of cloud water and rain water in a forecast model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 366-382.
Raymond, W. H. and R. B. Stull, 1990: Application of transilient turbulence theory to mesoscale numerical weather forecasting. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2471-2499.
Raynor, G. S., 1971: Wind and temperature structure in a coniferous forest and a contiguous field. For. Sci., 17, 351-363.
Razuvayev, K. P. G., J. Lindseay, R. J. Charlson, and T. C. Peterson, 1993: A new perspective on recent global warming: Asymmetric trends of daily maximum and minimum temperature. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 1007-1023.
RDI, 1989: Acoustic Doppler current profilers. Principles of operation: A practical primer. RD Instruments, 36 pp.
Read, J. F. and W. J. Gould, 1992: Cooling and freshening of the sub-polar North Atlantic Ocean since the 1960s. Nature, 360, 55-57.
Read, J. F. and R. T. Pollard, 1992: Water masses in the region of the Iceland-Faeroes Front. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1365-1378.
Read, P. L., 1993: Phase portrait reconstruction using multivariate singular systems analysis. Physica D, 69, 353-365.
Readings, C. J., D. Atlas, C. B. Emmanuel, Y.-H. Pao, and S. A. Thorpe, 1973: The formation and breakdown of Kelvin-Helm-holtz billows. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 5, 233-240.
Readings, C. J., E. Golton, and K. A. Browning, 1973: Fine-scale structure and mixing within an inversion. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 4, 275-287.
Reagan, J., K. Thome, and B. Herman, 1992: A simple instrument and technique for measuring columnar water vapor via near-IR differential solar transmission measurements. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 30, 825-831.
Reagan, J., K. Thome, B. Herman, R. Stone, J. DeLuisi, and J. Snider, 1995: A comparison of columnar water vapor retrievals obtained with near-IR solar radiometer and microwave radiometer measurements. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 1384-1391. Sassen.
Reagan, J. A., 1995: New generation lidars to support aerosol radiation/climate forcing studies. IGARS '95 Symp. Florence, Italy, IGARS 2313-2315.
Reale, A. L., M. D. Goldberg, and J. M. Daniels, 1989: Operational TOVS soundings using a physical approach. Proc. IGARRS '89 12th Canadian Symp. on Remote Sensing, Vancouver, BC.
Reames, F. M. and T. H. Zapotocny, 1999: Inert Trace Constituent Transport in Sigma and Hybrid Isentropic-Sigma Models. Part I: Nine Advection Algorithms. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 173-187.
Reames, F. M. and T. H. Zapotocny, 1999: Inert Trace Constituent Transport in Sigma and Hybrid Isentropic-Sigma Models. Part II: Twelve Semi-Lagrangian Algorithms. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 188-200.
Reap, R. M., 1986: Evaluation of cloud-to-ground lightning data from the western United States for the 1983-1984 summer seasons. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 25, 785-799.
Reap, R. M., 1994: Analysis and prediction of lightning strike distributions associated with synoptic map types over Florida. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1698Ò17-15.
Reap, R. R. and D. R. MacGorman, 1989: Cloud-to-ground lightning: Climatological characteristics and relationships to model fields, radar observations, and severe local storms. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 518-535.
Reason, C. J. C., 2001: Evidence for the Influence of the Agulhas Current on Regional Atmospheric Circulation Patterns. J. Climate, 14, 2769-2778.
Reason, C. J. C., R. J. Allan, and J. A. Lindesay, 1995: Evidence for the influence of remote forcing on upper ocean temperature variability.
Reason, C. J. C. and R. Dunkley, 1993: Coastally trapped stratus events in British Columbia. Atmos.-Ocean, 31, 235-258.
Reason, C. J. C. and R. Dunkley, 1993: Coastally trapped stratus events in Brit-ish Columbia. Atmos.-Ocean, 31, 235-258.
Reason, C. J. C. and S. B. Power, 1994: The influence of the Bering Strait on the circulation in a coarse resolution global ocean model. Climate Dyn., 9, 363-369.
Reason, C. J. C., M. Rouault, J. L. Melice, and D. Jagadheesha, 2002: Interannual winter rainfall variability in SW South Africa and large scale ocean-atmosphere interactions. Meteor. Atmos. Phy., 80, 19-30.
Reason, C. J. C. and D. G. Steyn, 1992: The dynamics of coastally trapped mesoscale ridges in the lower atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1677-1692.
Reasor, P. D. and M. T. Montgomery, 1999: Diagnosing the QBO's Influence on Circumpolar Vortex Variability Using MSU Brightness Temperatures and MSU-Derived Winds. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 46-56.
Reba, I., 1966: Applications of the Coanda effect. Sci. Amer., 214, 84-92.
Reber, C. A., C. E. Trevathan, R. J. McNeal, and M. R. Luther, 1993: The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) mission. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10643-10647.
Rebert, J. P. and Coauthors, 1985: Relations between sea level, thermocline depth, heat content and dynamics height in the tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 90(C), 11719-11725.
Reck, R. A. and J. R. Hummel, 1981: Influence of aerosol optical properties on surface temperatures computed with a radiative-convective model. Atmos. Environ., 15, 1727-1731.
Redder, C. R. and N. Fukuta, 1991: Empirical equations of ice crystal growth microphysics for modeling and analysis. Part II: Fall velocity. Atmos. Res., 26, 489-507.
Reddy, S. C., 1993: Pseudospectra of Wiener-Hopf integral operators and constant-coefficient differential operators. J. Integral Eq. Appl., 5, 369-403.
Reddy, S. C. and D. S. Henningso, 1993: Energy growth in viscous channel flows. J. Fluid Mech., 252, 209-238.
Reddy, S. C., P. J. Schmid, and D. S. Henningso, 1993: Pseudospectra of the Orr-Sommerfeld operator. SIAM J. Appl. Math., 53, 15-47.
Redekopp, L. G. and P. D. Weidman, 1978: Solitary Rossby waves in zonal shear flows and their interactions. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 790-804.
Redelsperger, J. L., A. Diongue, A. Diedhiou, J. P. Ceron, M. Diop, J. F. Gueremy, and J. P. Lafori, 2002: Multi-scale description of a Sahelian synoptic weather system representative of the West African monsoon. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 128, 1229-1258.
Redelsperger, J. L., F. Mahe, and P. Carlotti, 2001: A Simple and General Subgrid Model Suitable Both for Surface Layer and Free-Stream Turbulence. Bound. Layer Meteor., 101, 375-408.
Redelsperger, J. L., D. B. Parsons, and F. Guichard, 2002: Recovery Processes and Factors Limiting Cloud-Top Height following the Arrival of a Dry Intrusion Observed during TOGA COARE. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2438-2457.
Redelsperger, J. L. and G. Sommeria, 1986: Three-dimensional simulation of a convective storm: Sensitivity studies on subgrid parameterization and spatial resolution. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2619-2635.
Redelsperger, J.-L. and J.-P. Lafore, 1988: A three-dimensional simulation of a tropical squall line: Convective organization and thermodynamic vertical transport. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 13341356.
Redi, M. H., 1982: Oceanic isopycnal mixing by coordinate rotation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 1154-1158.
Redmond, K. T. and R. W. Koch, 1991: Surface climate and stream-flow variability in the western United States and their relationship to large scale circulation indices. Water Resour. Res., 27, 2381-2399.
Reece, A. M. and V. J. Cardone, 1982: Test of wave hindcast model results against measurements during four meteorological systems. Offshore Technology Conf. Houston, TX, 269-282.
Reed, A. M., R. F. Beck, O. M. Griffin, and R. D. Peltzer, 1990: Hydrodynamics of remotely sensed surface ship wakes. Soc. Nav. Archit. Mar. Eng. Trans., 98, 319-363.
Reed, B. C., J. F. Brown, D. VanderZee, T. R. Loveland, J. W. Merchant, and D. O. Ohlen, 1994: Variability of land cover phenology in the United States. J. Veg. Sci., 5, 703-714.
Reed, D. N., 1986: Simulation of time series of temperature and pre-Climate cipitation over Eastern England by an atmospheric general cir-J culation model. J. Climatol., 6, 233-253.
Reed, J. R., A. J. Simmons, M. D. Albright, and P. Unden, 1988: The role of latent heat release in explosive cyclogenesis: Three examples based on ECMWF operational forecasts. Wea. Forecasting, 3, 217-229.
Reed, R. and W. Blier, 1986: A case study of comma cloud development in the eastern Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1681-1695.
Reed, R., D. Norquist, and E. Recker, 1977: The structure and properties of African wave disturbances as observed during Phase III of GATE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 317-333.
Reed, R. and E. Recker, 1971: Structure and properties of synoptic-scale wave disturbances in the equatorial western Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 1117-1133.
Reed, R. and D. G. Rogers, 1962: Circulation of the tropical Atmosphere in the years 1954-1960. J. Atmos. Sci., 19, 127-135.
Reed, R. J., 1955: A study of a characteristic type of upper- level frontogenesis. J. Meteor., 12, 36-42.
Reed, R. J., 1966: Zonal wind behavior in the equatorial stratosphere and lower mesosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 71, 4223-4233.
Reed, R. J., 1977: The development and status of modern weather prediction. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 58, 390-400.
Reed, R. J., 1979: Cyclogenesis in polar air streams. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 38-52.
Reed, R. J., 1980: Destructive winds caused by an orographically induced mesoscale cyclone. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 61, 1346-1355.
Reed, R. J., 1981: A case study of a bore-like windstorm in western Washington. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 2383-2393.
Reed, R. J. and M. D. Albright, 1986: A case study of explosive cyclogenesis in the eastern Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 2297-2319.
Reed, R. J. and W. Blier, 1986: A case study of comma cloud development in the eastern Pactfic. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1681-1695.
Reed, R. J., G. A. Grell, and and, 1993: The ERICA IOP 5 storm. Part II: Sensitivity tests and further diagnosis based on model output. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1595-1612.
Reed, R. J., G. A. Grell, and and, 1994: An adiabatic simulation of the ERICA IOP 4 storm: An example of quasi-ideal frontal cyclone development. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2688-2708.
Reed, R. J., G. A. Grell, and Y.-H. Kuo, 1993: The ERICA IOP 5 storm. Part I: Analysis and simulation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1577-1594.
Reed, R. J., A. Hollingsworth, W. A. Heckley, and F. Delsol, 1988: An evaluation of the performance of the ECMWF operational system in analyzing and forecasting easterly wave disturbances over Africa and the tropical Atlantic. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 824-865.
Reed, R. J. and R. H. Johnson, 1974: The vorticity budget of synopticscale wave disturbances in the tropical western Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1784-1790.
Reed, R. J., Y. H. Kuo, M. D. Albright, K. Gao, Y. R. Guo, and W. Huang, 2001: Analysis and modeling of a tropical-like cyclone in the Mediterranean Sea. Meteor. Atmos. Phy., 76, 183-202.
Reed, R. J., Y.-H. Kuo, and S. Low-Nam, 1994: An adiabatic simulation of the ERICA IOP 4 storm: An example of quasi-idealized frontal cyclone development. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2688- 2708.
Reed, R. J., D. C. Nordquist, and E. E. Recker, 1977: The structure and properties of African wave disturbances as observed during Phase III of GATE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 317-333.
Reed, R. J. and E. E. Recker, 1971: Structure and properties of synoptic-scale waves disturbances in the equatorial western Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 1117-1133.
Reed, R. J. and E. E. Recker, 1971: Structure and properties of synopticscale disturbances in the equatorial western Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 1117-1133.
Reed, R. J. and F. Sanders, 1953: An investigation of the development of a mid-tropospheric frontal zone and its associated vorticity field. J. Meteor., 10, 338-349.
Reed, R. J. and A. J. Simmons, 1991: An explosively deepening cyclone over the North Atlantic that was unaffected by concurrent surface energy fluxes. Wea. Forecasting. 6, 117-122.
Reed, R. J. and A. J. Simmons, 1991: An explosively deepening cyclone over the North Atlantic that was unaffected by concur-rent surface energy fluxes. Wea. Forecasting, 6, 117-122.
Reed, R. J., A. J. Simmons, M. D. Albright, and P. Unden, 1988: The role of latent heat release in explosive cyclogenesis: Three examples based on ECMWF operational forecasts. Wea. Forecasting, 3, 217-229.
Reed, R. J., M. T. Stoelinga, and Y.-H. Kuo, 1992: A model-aided study of the origin and evolution of the anomalously high potential vorticity in the inner region of a rapidly deepening marine cyclone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 893-913.
Reed, R. J., M. T. Stoelinga, and Y. H. Kuo, 1992: A model-aided study of the origin and evolution of the anomalously high potential vorticity in the inner region of a rapidly deepening marine cyclone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 893-913.
Reed, R. J. and C. L. Vlcek, 1969: The annual temperature variation in the lower stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 26, 163-167.
Reed, R. K., 1977: On estimating insolation over the ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 7, 482-485.
Reed, R. K., 1982: Comparison of measured and estimated insolation over the eastern Pacific Ocean. J. Appl. Meteor., 21, 339-341.
Reed, R. K., 1985: An estimate of the climatological heat fluxes over the tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 24, 833-840.
Reed, R. K. and W. P. Elliott, 1973: Precipitation at ocean weather stations in the North Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 78, 7087-7091.
Reed, T. R., 1933: The North American high-level anticyclone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 61, 321-325.
Reeder, M. J., 1986: The interaction of a surface cold front with a prefrontal thermodynamically well-mixed boundary layer. Aust. Meteor. Mag., 34, 137-148.
Reeder, M. J. and and, 1987: A study of frontal dynamics with application to the Australian summertime ''cool change.''. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 687-705.
Reeder, M. J. and R. K. Smith, 1986: A comparison between frontogenesis in the two-dimensional Eady model of baroclinic instability and summertime cold fronts in the Australian region. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 92, 293-313.
Reeder, M. J., R. K. Smith, and and, 1992: Reply. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2398-2400.
Reeder, M. J., R. K. Smith, and S. J. Lord, 1991: The detection of flow asymmetries in the tropical cyclone environment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 848-854.
Reeder, M. J., R. K. Smith, and S. J. Lord, 1991: The detection of flow asymmetries in the tropical environment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 848-855.
Rees, D. and I. S. McDermid, 1990: Doppler lidar atmospheric wind sensor: Reevaluation of a 355-nm incoherent Doppler lidar. Appl. Opt., 29, 4133-4144.
Rees, J. M., J. C. W. Denholm-Price, J. C. King, and P. S. Anderson, 2000: "A Climatological Study of Internal Gravity Waves in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Overlying the Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica". J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 511-526.
Reese, J. S., S. Raimondeau, and D. G. Vlachos, 2001: Monte Carlo Algorithms for Complex Surface Reaction Mechanisms: Efficiency and Accuracy. J. Comput. Phy., 173, 302-321.
REFERENCES Andre¥n, A., 1990: Evaluation of a turbulence closure scheme suitable for air-pollution applications. J. Appl. Meteor., 29, 224-239.
REFERENCES Beard, K. a. and and, 1993: Warm-rain initiation: An overview of microphysical mechanisms. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 608-625.
REFERENCES Beard, K. V. and H. T. Ochs, 1984: Collection and coalescence efficiencies for accretion. J. Geophys. Res., 89(D), 7165-7169.
Reible, D. D., J. R. Ouimette, and F. H. Shair, 1982: Atmospheric transport of visibility degrading pollutants into the California Mojave Desert. Atmos. Environ., 16, 599-613.
Reible, D. D., F. H. Shair, and R. Aris, 1983: A two-layer model of the atmosphere indicating the effects of mixing between the surface layer and the air aloft. Atmos. Environ., 17, 25-33.
Reible, D. D., F. H. Shair, and E. Kauper, 1981: Plume dispersion and bifurcation in directional shear flows associated with comp!ex terrain. Atmos. Environ., 15, 1165-1172.
Reible, D. D. and P. F. L. J. E. Simpson, 1993: The sea breeze and gravity-current frontogenesis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., ll9, 1-16.
Reichelderfer, F. W., 1970: The early years. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 51, 206Ò2-11.
Reichert, B. K., L. Bengtsson, and J. Oerlemans, 2001: Midlatitude Forcing Mechanisms for Glacier Mass Balance Investigated Using General Circulation Models. J. Clim., 14, 3767-3784.
Reichle, R. H., D. B. McLaughlin, and D. Entekhabi, 2002: Hydrologic Data Assimilation with the Ensemble Kalman Filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 103-114.
Reid, G. C., K. S. Gage, and J. R. McAfee, 1989: The thermal response of the tropical atmosphere to variations in equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 14705-14716.
Reid, J., 1986: On the total geostrophic circulation of the South Pacific Ocean: Flow patterns. tracers, and transports. Progress in Oceanography, Vol. 16.
Reid, J. F. and W. J. Gould, 1992: Cooling and freshening of the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean since the 1960s. Nature, 360, 55-57.
Reid, J. L., 1973: Northwest Pacific Ocean Waters in Winter. Johns Hopkins University Press, 96.
Reid, J. L., 1973: The shallow salinity minimum of the Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 20, 51-68.
Reid, J. L., 1994: On the total geostrophic circulation of the North Atlantic Ocean: Flow patterns. tracers and transports. Progress in Oceanography, Vol. 33, Pergamon.
Reid, J. L., W. D. N. Jr., and W. C. Patzert, 1977: On the characteristics and circulation of the Southwestern Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 7, 62-91.
Reid, J. S., H. H. Jonsson, M. H. Smith, and A. Smirnov, 2001: Evolution of the vertical profile and flux of large sea-salt particles in a coastal zone (Paper 2000JD900848). J. Geophy. Res., 106, 12,039-12,054.
Reid, R. O., 1958: Effect of Coriolis force on edge waves, I. Investigation of the normal modes. J. Mar. Res., 16, 109-144.
Reid, S. J., 1972: An observational study of lee waves using radiosonde data. Tellus, 24, 93-596.
Reid, S. J., 1989: Accuracy of now-cast winds. Preprints, Fourth Int. Meeting on Statistical Climatology, Rotorua, New Zealand.
Reid, S. J. and B. Collen, 1983: Analyses of wave and wind reports from ships in the Tasman Sea and New Zealand areas. New Zealand Meteorological Service Miscellaneous Publ. 182. NIWA, Wellington, New Zealand.
Reid, S. J., A. F. Tuck, and G. Kiladis, 2001: Correction to "On the changing abundance of ozone minima at northern midlatitudes". J. Geophys. Res., 106, 2975.
Reid, S. J. and R. Turner, 2001: Correlation of Real and Model Wind Speeds in Different Terrains. Wea. Forecasting, 16, 620-627.
Reijmer, C. H., M. R. vandenBroeke, and M. P. Scheele, 2002: Air Parcel Trajectories and Snowfall Related to Five Deep Drilling Locations in Antarctica Based on the ERA-15 Dataset. J. Climate, 15, 1957-1968.
Reilly, J. P. and G. D. Dockery, 1990: Influence of evaporation ducts on radar sea return. IEE Proc. (Part F), 137, 80-88.
Reiner, T. and F. Arnold, 1993: Laboratory flow reactor measurements of the reaction SO3 / H2O / M r H2SO4 / M: Implications for gaseous H2SO4 and aerosol formation in the plumes of jet aircraft. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2659-2662.
Reinhold, B., 1989: Comments on ''Theories of multiple equilibria and weather regimes: A critical reexamination of baroclinic two-layer models.''. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1861-1864.
Reinhold, B. and R. T. P. and, 1982: Dynamics of weather regimes: Quasi-stationary waves and blocking. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 1105-1145.
Reinke, D. L., C. L. Combs, S. Q. Kidder, and T. H. V. Haar, 1992: Satellite cloud composite climatologies: A new high-resolution tool in atmospheric research and forecasting. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 73, 278-285.
Reinking, R. F. and Coauthors, 1993: The Lake Ontario Winter Storms (LOWS) Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 1828-1849.
Reinking, R. F., R. J. Doviak, and R. O. Gilmer, 1981: Clear-air roll vortices and turbulent motions as detected with an air-borne gust probe and dual-Doppler radar. J. Appl. Meteor., 20, 678-685.
Reinking, R. F., S. Y. Matrosov, R. A. Kropfli, and B. W. Bartram, 2002: Evaluation of a 45degrees Slant Quasi-Linear Radar Polarization State for Distinguishing Drizzle Droplets, Pristine Ice Crystals, and Less Regular Ice Particles. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 19, 296-321.
Reinking, R. F., S. Y. Matrosov, B. E. Martner, R. A. Kropfli, and B. W. Bartram, 1995: Hydrometeor identification with millimeterwave dual polarization radar. Preprints, Conf. Cloud Phys., Dallas, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 20-25.
Reinking, R. F. and R. J. Meiti¥n, 1989: Recent progress and needs in obtaining physical evidence for weather modification potentials and effects. J. Wea. Mod., 21, 85-93.
Reinsurance, M., 1993: World Map of Natural Hazards. 36 pp.
Reisin, T., Z. Levin, and and, 1996: Rain production in convective clouds as simulated in an axisymmetric model with detailed microphysics. Part II: Effects of varying drops and ice initiation. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1815-1837.
Reisin, T., Z. Levin, and S. Tzivion, 1996: Rain production in convective clouds as simulated in an axisymmetric model with detailed microphysics. Part I: Description of the model. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 497-519.
Reisin, T., S. Tzivion, Z. Levin, and G. Feingold, 1988: Numerical simulation of an Hawaiian convective cloud with a high resolution axisymmetric model. Proc. Second WMO Int. Cloud Modelling Workshop, Toulouse, France.
Reisinger, L. M. and S. F. Mueller, 1983: Comparisons of tetroons and computed trajectories. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 664672.
Reisner, J., V. Mousseau, and D. Knoll, 2001: Application of the Newton-Krylov Method to Geophysical Flows. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2404-2415.
Reisner, J. M. and P. K. Smolarkiewicz, 1994: Thermally forced low Froude number flow past three-dimensional obstables. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 117-133.
Reissell, A. and J. Arey, 2001: Biogenic volatile organic compounds at Azusa and elevated sites during the 1997 Southern California Ozone Study. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 1607.
Reitan, C. H., 1960: Distribution of precipitable water over the continental United States. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 41, 79-87.
Reitebuch, O., C. Werner, I. Leike, P. Delville, P. H. Flamant, A. Cress, and D. Engelbart, 2001: Experimental Validation of Wind Profiling Performed by the Airborne 10-mum Heterodyne Doppler Lidar WIND. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 18, 1331-1344.
Reiter, E., 1975: Handbook for forecasteners in the Mediterranean; weather phenomena of the Mediterranean basin. Naval Environmental Prediction Research Facility Master Tech. Paper 5/ 7-5.
Reiter, E. R., 1963: Jet Stream Meteorology. University of Chicago Press, 515.
Remote Sens., s. C. S. and W. L. Smith, 1983: Monitoring tropical cyclone evolution with NOAA satellite microwave observations. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 714-724.
Remote Sens., s. V. and C. S., 1989: Observational analyses of north atlantic tropical cyclones from NOAA polarorbiting satellite microwave data. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 59-70.
Remote Sens., s. W. L., B. M. Goodman, and R. T. Merrill, 1991: Western North Pacific tropical cyclone intensity estimation from NOAA polarorbiting satellite microwave data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 159-168.
Remsberg, E. E., P. P. Bhatt, and L. E. Deaver, 2001: Ozone changes in the lower stratosphere from the Halogen Occultation Experiment for 1991 through 1999. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 1639.
Remy, E., F. Gaillard, and J. Verron, 2002: Variational assimilation of ocean tomographic data: Twin experiments in a quasi-geostrophic model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 128, 1739-1758.
Remy, F., L. Testut, and B. Legresy, 2002: Random fluctuations of snow accumulation over antarctica and their relation to sea level change. Climate Dynamics, 19, 267-276.
Ren, D. and M. Xue, 2002: An improved force-restore model for land surface modeling. Abstract Volume, Mississippi River Climate and Hydrology Conf., New Orleans, Louisiana.
Ren, D., M. Xue, and J. Gao, 2002: Parameter retrieval in a land-surface model. Preprint, 15th Conf. on Num. Wea. Pred. and 19th Conf. on Wea. Anal. Forecasting, San. Antonio, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
Ren, S., 1998: Linear Stability of the Three-Dimensional Semigeostrophic Model in Geometric Coordinates. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3392-3402.
Ren, S., 1999: Further Results on the Stability of Rapidly Rotating Vortices in the Asymmetric Balance Formulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 475-482.
Ren, S., 2000: Evolution of disturbances and singular vectors in the shallow-water semigeostrophic model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 2487.
Renard, R. J. and W. N. Bowman, 1976: The climatology and forecasting of eastern North Pacific ocean tropical cyclones. Naval Environmental Prediction Research Facility Tech. Paper 7-76, 79.
Renardy, M., Y. Renardy, and J. Li, 2001: Numerical Simulation of Moving Contact Line Problems Using a Volume-of-Fluid Method. J. Comp. Phy., 171, 243-263.
Rencher, A. C., 1992: Interpretation of canonical discriminant functions, canonical variates, and principal components. Amer. Stat., 46, 217-225.
Renfrew, I. A. and G. W. K. Moore, 1999: An Extreme Cold-Air Outbreak over the Labrador Sea: Roll Vortices and Air-Sea Interaction. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2379-2394.
Renhe, Z., 2001: Relations of Water Vapor Transport from Indian Monsoon with That over East Asia and the Summer Rainfall in China. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 18, 1005-1017.
Renner, E., U. Ratzlaff, and W. Rolle, 1985: A Lagrangian multi-level model of transport, transformation and deposition of Atmospheric sulfur dioxide and sulfate. Atmos. Environ., 19, 1351-1359.
Rennick, M. A., 1983: A model of atmosphere-ocean coupling in El Ninòo. Trop. Ocean-Atmos. Newslett., 15, 2-4.
Rennó, N. O., 1997: Reply: Remarks on Natural Convection as a Heat Engine. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2780-2782.
Rennó, N. O., M. L. Burkett, and M. P. Larkin, 1998: A Simple Thermodynamical Theory for Dust Devils. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3244-3252.
Renno, N. O., P. H. Stone, and K. A. Emanuel, 1994: A radiative convective model with an explicit hydrological cycle 2. Sensitivity to large changes in solar forcing. J. Geophys Res, 99(D8), 1700, 117-020.
Renno, N. O. and E. R. Williams, 1995: Quasi-Lagrangian measurements in convective boundary layer plumes and their implications to the calculation of CAPE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 27332742.
Renno, N. O. and E. R. Williams, 1995: Quasi-Lagrangian measurements in convective boundary layer plumes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2733-2742.
Renno¥, N. O., K. A. Emanuel, and P. H. Stone, 1994: Radiative-convective model with an explicit hydrological cycle. Part I: Formulation and sensitivity to model parameters. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 14429-14441.
Renno¥, N. O., K. A. Emanuel, and P. H. Stone, 1994: Radiativeconvective model with an explicit hydrologic cycle. Part I: Formulation and sensitivity to model parameters. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 14429-14442.
Renno¥, N. O. and A. P. Ingersoll, 1996: Natural convection as a heat engine: A theory for CAPE. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 572-585.
Renno¥, N. O., P. H. Stone, and K. A. Emanuel, 1994: A radiative-convective model with an explicit hydrological cycle 2. Sensitivity to large changes in solar forcing. J. Geophys. Res., 99(D8), 17001-17020.
Renouard, D. P., G. C. d'Hie`res, and X. Zhang, 1987: An experimental study of strongly nonlinear waves in a rotating system. J. Fluid Mech., 177, 381-394.
Renwick, J. A., 1998: ENSO-Related Variability in the Frequency of South Pacific Blocking. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 3117-3123.
Renwick, J. A. and and, 1996: Relationships between North Pacific winter-time blocking, El Ninò o and the PNA pattern. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2071-2076.
Renwick, J. A. and M. J. Revell, 1999: Blocking over the South Pacific and Rossby Wave Propagation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2233-2247.
Renwick, J. A. and M. J. Revell, 2000: Reply. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 4162.
Renwick, J. A. and C. S. Thompson, 2001: Southern Hemisphere Medium-Range Forecast Skill and Predictability: A Comparison of Two Operational Models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2377-2391.
Renwick, J. A. and J. M. Wallace, 1995: Predictable anomaly patterns and the forecast skill of Northern Hemisphere wintertime 500-mb height fields. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2114-2131.
Rep., B., I. Derrien, and M., 1992: Influence of the size of field of view on contam-ination by clouds. Issue 0 contract report to EUMETSAT.
Repetto, R., M. Tubino, and C. Paola, 2002: Planimetric instability of channels with variable width. J. Fluid Mech., 457, 79-110.
Res. Johnson, M. A., 1988: A source of variability in Drake Passage. contin. Shelf Res., 10, 629-638.
Res. Johnson, M. A. and J. J. O'Brien, 1990: The northeast Pacific Ocean response to the 1982-1983 El Ninòo. J. Geophys. Res., 95(C), 7155-7166.
Research Triangle Pa E. M. , B. E. C., C. L. Bennett, D. R. Lawson, F. W. Lurmann, and H. H. Main, 1992: Comparison of emission inventory and am-bient concentration ratios of CO, NMOG, and NOx in California's south coast air basin. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 42, 264-276.
Research Triangle Park, N. F., E. M., and J. F. Collins, 1989: Quality assurance for the Southern California Air Quality Study. Preprint 89-111.5, 82nd Annual Meeting of the Air and Waste Management Association. [Available from Air and Waste Management Association, P. O. Box 2861.
Resio, D. T., 1981: The estimation of a wind wave spectrum in a discrete spectral model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 11, 510-525.
Resio, D. T. and B. P. Hayden, 1975: Recent secular variations in mid-Atlantic winter extratropical storm climate. J. Appl. Meteor., 14, 1223-1234.
Resio, D. T. and W. Perrie, 1989: Implications of an f 4 equilibrium range for windgenerated waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 19, 193-204.
Restivo, M. E., 1995: The convective structures associated with cloud-to-ground lightning in TOGA-COARE mesoscale convective systems. M.S. thesis, Dept. of Meteorology, Texas A,M University.
results). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Grody, N. C., 1991: Classification of snow cover and precipitation using the Special Sensor Microwave Imager. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 7423-7435.
Reuter, G. W. and and, 1993: Assessment of slantwise convection in ERICA cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 375-386.
Reuter, G. W. and S. Guan, 1995: Effects of industrial pollution on cumulus convection and rainshowers: A numerical study. Atmos. Environ., 29, 2467-2474.
Reuter, G. W., R. d. Villiers, and Y. Yavin, 1988: The collection kernel for two falling cloud drops subjected to random perturbations in a turbulent air flow: A stochastic model. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 765-773.
Reuter, G. W. and M. K. Yau, 1987: Mixing mechanisms in cumulus congestus clouds. Part I: Observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 781-797.
Reuter, G. W. and M. K. Yau, 1987: Mixing mechanisms in cumulus congestus clouds. Part II: Numerical simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 798-827.
Reuter, G. W. and M. K. Yau, 1990: Observation of slantwise convective instability in winter cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 447-458.
Rev., s. T., M., A. Simard, and A. Staniforth, 1989: A three-dimensional semi-Lagrangian scheme for the Canadian regional finite-element forecast model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1861-1871.
Revell, M. J., J. W. Kidson, and G. N. Kiladis, 2001: Interpreting Low-Frequency Modes of Southern Hemisphere Atmospheric Variability as the Rotational Response to Divergent Forcing. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2416-2425.
Revell, M. J., M. R. Sinclair, and D. S. Wratt, 1996: The storm of.
Revercomb, H. E., H. Buijs, H. B. Howell, D. D. LaPorte, W. L. Smith, and L. A. Sromovsky, 1988: Radiometric calibration of IR Fourier transform spectrometers: Solution to a problem with the high-resolution interferometer sounder. Appl. Opt., 15, 3210-3218.
Revercomb, H. E., H. Buijs, H. B. Howell, D. D. LaPorte, W. L. Smith, and L. A. Sromovsky, 1988: Radiometric calibration of IR Fourier transform spectrometers: Solution to a problem with the High-spectral resolution Interferometer Sounder. Appl. Opt., 27, 3210-3218. Running.
Revercomb, H. E., D. D. LaPorte, W. L. Smith, H. Buijs, D. G. Murcray, F. J. Murcray, and L. A. Sromovsky, 1988: Highaltitude aircraft measurements of upwelling IR radiance: Prelude to FTIR from geosynchronous satellite. Mikrochimica Acta [Wien]. II, 439-444.
Reverdin, G., D. Cayan, and Y. Kushnir, 1996: Decadal variability of hydrography in the upper North Atlantic. 1948-1990. J.
Reverdin, G., P. Dele¥cluse, C. Le¥vy, P. Andrich, A. Morlie`re, and J. M. Verstraete, 1991: The near surface tropical Atlantic in 1982-1984: Results from a numerical simulation and a data analysis. Progress in Oceanography. Vol. 22, Pergamon, 273-340.
Reverdin, G. and M. Fieux, 1987: Sections in the western Indian Ocean-Variability in the temperature structure. Deep-Sea Res., 34, 601-625.
Reverdin, G., C. Frankignoul, E. Kestenare, and M. J. McPhaden, 1994: Seasonal variability in the surface currents of the equatorial Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 99(C10), 20323-20344.
Rex, D. F., 1950: Blocking action in the middle troposphere and its effect upon regional climate. I. An aerological study of blocking action. Tellus, 2, 196-211.
Rex, D. F., 1950: Blocking action in the middle troposphere and its effect upon regional climate. II. The climatology of blocking action. Tellus, 2, 275-301.
Rey, C., J. P. Schon, and J. Mathieu, 1979: Buoyancy effects in a wind tunnel simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer. Phys. Fluids, 22, 1020-1028.
Reyes, S. F. and D. L. Cadet, 1988: The southwest branch of the North American monsoon during summer 1979. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1175-1187.
Reynaud, T. H., A. J. Weaver, and R. J. Greatbatch, 1995: Summer mean circulation of the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 779-816.
Reyni, A., 1970: Probability Theory (English translation by I. Vek-erdi). North-Holland series in applied mathematics and mechanics. Vol. 10, 666.
Reynolds, A. M., 2002: On the Dynamical Content of Lagrangian Stochastic Models in the Well-Mixed Class. Bound. Layer Meteor., 103, 143-162.
Reynolds, C. and R. Gelaro, 1997: The Effect of Model Bias on the Equatorward Propagation of Extratropical Waves. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 3249-3265.
Reynolds, C. A., 1999: A Comparison of Analysis and Forecast Correction Techniques:Impact of Negative Dissipation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2576-2596.
Reynolds, C. A. and R. M. Errico, 1999: Convergence of Singular Vectors toward Lyapunov Vectors. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2309-2323.
Reynolds, C. A. and R. Gelaro, 2001: Remarks on Northern Hemisphere Forecast Error Sensitivity from 1996 to 2000. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2145-2153.
Reynolds, C. A., R. Gelaro, and J. D. Doyle, 2001: Relationship between singular vectors and transient features in the background flow. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1731-1760.
Reynolds, C. A. and T. N. Palmer, 1998: Decaying Singular Vectors and Their Impact on Analysis and Forecast Correction. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3005-3023.
Reynolds, C. A., P. J. Webster, and E. Kalnay, 1994: Random error growth in NMC's global forecasts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1281-1305.
Reynolds, C. A., R. J. Webster, and E. Kalnay, 1994: Rndom error growth in NMC's global forecasts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1281-1305.
Reynolds, D., 1988: Twenty years of radar entomology. Antenna. 12(2), 44-49.
Reynolds, D. W., 1988: A report on winter snowpack-augmentation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 69, 1290-1300.
Reynolds, D. W., 1989: Design of a ground based snowpack enhancement program using liquid propane. J. Wea. Mod., 21, 29-34.
Reynolds, D. W., 1991: Design and field testing of a remote liquid propane dispenser. J. Wea. Mod., 23, 49-53.
Reynolds, D. W., 1992: A snowpack augmentation program using liquid propane. Preprints, Symp. on Planned and Inadvertent Weather Modification. Atlanta, GA, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
Reynolds, D. W., 1993: Lake Oroville Runoff Enhancement Project annual Report of field activities. 1992-93. California Department of Water Resources, Sacramento, CA.
Reynolds, D. W., 1994: Further analysis of the Lake Oroville Runoff Enhancement Program. J. Wea. Mod., 26, 12-18.
Reynolds, D. W., T. H. V. Haar, and S. K. Cox, 1975: The effect of solar radiation absorption in the tropical troposphere. J. Appl. Meteor., 14, 433-444.
Reynolds, M., 1983: Occurrence and structure of mesoscale fronts and cyclones near Icy Bay, Alaska. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1938-1948.
Reynolds, R., 1988: A real-time global sea surface temperature analysis. J. Climate, 1, 75-86.
Reynolds, R. D., 1973: Superpressure balloons as isentropic/ isopyc-nic tracers. J. Appl. Meteor., 12, 369-373.
Reynolds, R. W., 1978: Sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean. Tellus, 30, 97-103.
Reynolds, R. W., 1983: A comparison of sea surface temperature climatologies. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 447-458.
Reynolds, R. W., 1988: A real-time global sea surface temperature analysis. J. Climate, 1, 75-86.
Reynolds, R. W., 1993: Impact of Mount Pinatubo aerosols on satellite-de-rived sea surface temperatures. J. Climate, 6, 768-774.
Reynolds, R. W. and and, 1995: A high-resolution global sea surface temperature climatology. J. Climate, 8, 1571-1583.
Reynolds, R. W., K. Arpe, C. Gordon, S. P. Hayes, A. Leetmaa, and M. J. McPhaden, 1989: A comparison of tropical Pacific surface wind analyses. J. Climate, 2, 105-111.
Reynolds, R. W., C. K. Folland, and D. E. Parker, 1989: Biases in SST data. Nature, 341, 728-731.
Reynolds, R. W. and D. C. Marsico, 1993: An improved real-time global sea surface temperature analysis. J. Climate, 6, 114-119.
Reynolds, R. W., N. A. Rayner, T. M. Smith, D. C. Stokes, and W. Wang, 2002: An Improved In Situ and Satellite SST Analysis for Climate. J. Climate, 15, 1609-1625.
Reynolds, R. W. and T. M. Smith, 1994: Improved global sea surface temperature analyses using optimal interpolation. J. Climate, 7, 929-948.
Reynolds, R. W. and T. M. Smith, 1994: Improved global sea surface temperature analyses. J. Climate, 7, 929-945.
Reynolds, R. W. and T. M. Smith, 1994: Improved global sea surface temperature analysis using optimal interpolation. J. Climate, 7, 929-937.
Reynolds, R. W. and T. M. Smith, 1995: A high-resolution glo-bal sea surface temperature climatology. J. Climate, 8, 1571-1583.
Reynolds, S. E. and M. Brook, 1956: Correlation of the initial electric field and the radar echo in thunderstorms. J. Meteor., 13, 376-380.
Reynolds, S. E., M. Brook, and M. F. Gourley, 1957: Thunderstorm charge separation. J. Meteor., 14, 426-436.
Reynolds, W. C., 1976: Computation of turbulent flows. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 8, 183-208.
Reynolds, W. R., 1988: A real-time global sea surface temperature analysis. J. Climate, 1, 75-86.
Reynolds, W. R. and D. C. Marsico, 1993: An improved real-time global sea surface temperature analyses. J. Climate, 6, 114-119.
Reynolds, W. R. and T. M. Smith, 1994: Improved global sea surface temperature analyses using optimum interpolation. J. Climate, 7, 929-948.
Reznik, G. M. and R. Grimshaw, 2001: Ageostrophic dynamics of an intense localized vortex on a beta-plane. J. Fluid Mech., 443, 351-376.
Reznik, G. M., R. Grimshaw, and E. S. Benllov, 2000: On the long-term evolution of an intense localized divergent vortex on the beta-plane. J. Fluid Mech., 249.
Reznik, G. M. and G. G. Sutyrin, 2001: Baroclinic topographic modons. J. Fluid Mech., 437, 121-142.
Reznik, G. M., V. Zeitlin, and M. B. Jelloul, 2001: Nonlinear theory of geostrophic adjustment. Part 1. Rotating shallow-water model. J. Fluid Mech., 445, 93-120.
Rezzolla, L., O. Zanotti, R. F. C. Marques, and V. B. Rao, 2001: An improved exact Riemann solver for relativistic hydrodynamics
A Comparison of Atmospheric Blockings over the Southeast and Southwest Pacific Ocean. J. Fluid Mech., 449, 395-411.
Rhea, J. O., 1966: A study of thunderstorm formation along drylines. J. Appl. Meteor., 5, 58-63.
Rhein, M., 1991: Ventilation rates of the Greenland and Norwegian Seas derived from distributions of the Chlorofluoromethanes F11 and F12. Deep-Sea Res., 38, 485-503.
Rhein, M., 1994: The deep western boundary current: Tracers and velocities. Deep-Sea Res., 41, 263-282.
Rhein, M., 1995: Deep water formation in the western Mediterranean. J. Geophys. Res., 100(C4), 6943-6959.
Rhein, M., R. Marsh, A. L. New, and R. A. Wood, 1996: An intercomparison of a Bryan-Cox type ocean model and an isopycnic ocean model. Part I: The subpolar gyre and highlatitude processes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 1495-1527.
Rhein, M., L. Stramma, and U. Send, 1995: The Atlantic deep Western boundary current. Water masses and transports near the equator. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 2441-2458.
Rhines, P., 1970: Edge-, bottom-, and Rossby waves in a rotating stratified fluid. Geophys. Fluid Dyn., 1, 273-302.
Rhines, P., 1979: A theoretical discussion of eddy-driven mean flows. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 3, 289-325.
Rhines, P., 1983: Lectures in geophysical fluid dynamics. Lect. Appl. Math., 20, 3-58.
Rhines, P., 1986: Vorticity dynamics of the oceanic general circulation. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 18, 433-497.
Rhines, P., 1989: Deep planetary circulation and topography: Simple models of mid-ocean flows. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 19, 1449-1470.
Rhines, P. and and, 1983: How rapidly is a passive scalar mixed within closed streamlines? J. Fluid Mech., 133, 133-145.
Rhines, P. and F. Bretherton, 1973: Topographic Rossby waves in a rough-bottomed ocean. J. Fluid Mech., 61, 583-607.
Rhines, P. and P. MacCready, 1990: Boundary control over the large scale circulation. Proc. Fifth 'Aha Huliko'a Hawaiian Winter Workshop on Parameterization of Small-Scale Processes, Honolulu, HI.
Rhines, P. and W. Young, 1982: Homogenization of potential vorticity in planetary gyres. J. Fluid Mech., 122, 347-367.
Rhines, P. and W. R. Young, 1982: A theory of the wind-driven circulation. Part I: Mid-ocean gyres. J. Mar. Res., 40 (Suppl.), 559-596.
Rhines, P. B., 1967: Slow oscillations in an ocean of varying depth.
Rhines, P. B., 1970: Edge-, bottom-, and Rossby waves in a rotating stratified fluid. Geophys. Fluid Dyn., 1, 273-302.
Rhines, P. B., 1974: Waves and turbulence on a beta-plane. J. Fluid Mech., 69, 417-443.
Rhines, P. B., 1982: Basic dynamics of the large-scale geostrophic circulation. Summer Study Program in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1-47.
Rhines, P. B., 1989: Deep planetary circulation and topography: Simple models of midocean flows. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 19, 1449-1470.
Rhines, P. B., 1994: Jets. Chaos, 4, 313-339.
Rhines, P. B. and W. R. Holland, 1979: A theoretical discussion of eddy-driven mean flows. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 3, 289-325.
Rhines, P. B. and R. Schopf, 1991: The wind-driven circulation: Quasi-geostropic simulations and theory for nonsymmetric winds. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 21, 1438-1468.
Rhines, P. B. and R. Schopp, 1991: The wind-driven circulation: Quasigeostrophic simulations and theory for nonuniform winds. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 21, 1438-1469.
Rhines, P. B. and W. R. Young, 1982: A theory of wind-driven circulation. I. Mid-ocean gyres. J. Mar. Res., 40(Suppl.), 559-596.
Rhines, P. B. and W. R. Young, 1982: Homogenization of potential vorticity in planetary gyres. J. Fluid Mech., 122, 347-367.
Rhoades, D. A. and M. J. Salinger, 1993: Adjustment of temperature and rainfall records for site changes. J. Climatol., 13, 899-913.
Rhodes, J. J., 1982: Congressional perspectives on weather modification. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 63, 306Ò3-07.
Riahi, D. N., 2002: On nonlinear convection in mushy layers. Part 1. Oscillatory modes of convection. J. Fluid Mech., 467, 331-360.
Ribe, N. M., 2002: A general theory for the dynamics of thin viscous sheets. J. Fluid Mech., 457, 255-284.
Ricard, J. A., W. Tobiasson, and A. Greatorex, 1976: The field as-sembled frost gage. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Tech. Note, 7.
Ricard, J.-L. and J.-F. Royer, 1993: A statistical cloud scheme for use in a AGCM. Ann. Geophys., 11, 1095-1115.
Ricchiazzi, P., C. Gautier, and D. Lubin, 1995: Cloud scattering optical depth and local surface albedo in the Antarctic: Simulta-neous retrieval using ground-based radiometry. J. Geophys. Res. 100(D10), 21091-21105.
Rice, J. A., 1988: Mathematical Statistics and Data Analysis. Wadsworth and Brooks, 595 pp.
Richard, E. and N. Chaumerliac, 1989: Effects of different rain parameterizations on the simulation of mesoscale orographic precipitation. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 1197-1212.
Richard, E. and N. Chaumerliac, 1989: Effects of different rain parameterization on the simulation of mesoscale orographic precipitation. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 1197-1212.
Richard, E., P. Mascart, and E. C. Nickerson, 1989: The role of surface friction in downslope windstorms. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 241-251.
Richard, G. and T. Krieshok, 1989: Occupational stress, strain and coping in university faculty. J. Vocational Behavior, 34, 117-132.
Richard, J. and A. ESPACE, 1989: Ge¥ne¥ration programmable des impulsions module¥es line ¥arement en fre ¥quence (Programmable Generation of Linear Frequency Modulated Pulses). Proc. AGARD Meeting on Les syste`mes radar de haute re¥solution a` bord d' ae¥ronefs et de ve¥hicules spatiaux (High Resolutions Radar Systems for Air and Spaceborne Applications), La Haye, Alcatel Espace.
Richard, Y., S. Trzaska, and M. Rouault, 2000: Modification of the southern African rainfall variability/ENSO relationship since the late 1960s. Climate dynamics, 16, 883.
Richards, A. G., 1995: Straylight: Estimates of scatter and diffraction background signals. HIRDLS Project Document TC-RAL-043B, 71.
Richards, F. and P. A. Arkin, 1981: On the relationship between satellite-observed cloud cover and precipitation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1081-1093.
Richards, K. J., M. E. Inall, and N. C. Wells, 1995: The diurnal mixed layer and upper ocean heat budget in the western equatorial pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 100(C4), 6865-6879.
Richards, P. G., 2001: Seasonal and solar cycle variations of the ionospheric peak electron density: Comparison of measurement and models (Paper 2000JA000365). J. Geophy. Res., 106, 12,803-12,820.
Richards, T. L., 1964: Meteorological factors affecting ice cover on the Great Lakes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 92, 297-302.
Richardson, C., 1978: Generation of daily precipitation over an area. Water Resour. Bull., 14, 1035-1047.
Richardson, C. W., 1981: Stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature, and solar radiation. Water Resour. Res., 17, 182-190.
Richardson, C. W., 1982: Dependence structure of daily temperature and solar radiation. Trans. ASAE, 25, 735-739.
Richardson, D. S., 2000: Skill and relative economic value of the ECMWF ensemble prediction system. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 649.
Richardson, D. S., 2001: Ensembles using multiple models and analyses. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1847-1864.
Richardson, D. S., 2001: Measures of skill and value of ensemble prediction systems, their interrelationship and the effect of ensemble size. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 2473-2490.
Richardson, L. F., 1922: Weather Prediction by Numerical Precess. Cambridge University Press. Reprinted by Dover Publications, 1965, 236 pp.
Richardson, N. N., 1961: Numerical tests of a method for dynamic analysis in regions of poor data coverage. Tellus, 13, 353-362.
Richardson, P., 1985: Averaged velocity and transport of the Gulf Stream near 557W. J. Mar. Res., 43, 83-111.
Richardson, P. and G. Reverdin, 1987: Seasonal cycle of velocity in the Atlantic North Equatorial Countercurrent as measured by surface drifters, current meters, and ship drifts. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 3691-3708.
Richardson, P. L., 1977: On the crossover between the Gulf Stream and the Western Boundary Undercurrent. Deep-Sea Res., 24, 139-159.
Richardson, P. L., 1980: Gulf Stream ring trajectories. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 10, 90-104.
Richardson, P. L., 1981: Gulf Stream trajectories measured with free drifting buoys. J. Phys. Oceonogr., 11, 999-1010.
Richardson, P. L., 1983: Eddy kinetic energy in the North Atlantic from surface drifters. J. Geophys. Res., 88, 4355-4367.
Richardson, P. L., 1985: Average velocity and transport of the Gulf Stream near 557W. J. Mar. Res., 43, 83-111.
Richardson, P. L., G. E. Hufford, R. Limeburner, and W. S. Brown, 1994: North Brazil Current retroflection eddies. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 5081-5093.
Richardson, P. L., M. S. McCartney, and C. Maillard, 1991: A search for meddies in historical data. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 15, 241-265.
Richardson, P. L., J. Price, W. B. Owens, W. J. Schmitz, H. T. Rossby, A. M. Bradley, J. R. Valdes, and D. C. Webb, 1981: North Atlantic subtropical gyre: SOFAR floats tracked by moored listening stations. Science, 213, 435-437.
Richardson, P. L., D. Walsh, L. Armi, M. Schro®der, and J. F. Price, 1989: Tracking three meddies with SOFAR floats. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 19, 371-383.
Richardson, R. L. and J. A. Knauss, 1971: Gulf Stream and western boundary undercurrent observations at Cape Hatteras. Deep-Sea Res., 18, 1089-1109.
Richardson, S. J., 1995: Automated temperature and relative humidity calibrations for the Oklahoma mesonetwork. J. Atmos. Oceanic. Technol., 12, 951-959.
Richardson, S. J. and F. V. Brock, 1993: Temperature and relative humidity probe calibration and intercomparison for the Oklahoma Mesonet. Extended Abstracts, Eighth Symp. on Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation, Anaheim, CA. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 281-286.
Richardson, W. S., W. J. S. Jr., and P. P. Niiler, 1969: The velocity structure of the Florida Current from the Straits of Florida to Cape Fear. Deep-Sea Res., 16, 225-231.
Richardson, Y. and K. K. Droegemeier, 1996: The dynamics governing organized multicell rotation and transition. Preprints, 18th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, San Francisco, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 195-199.
Riches, M., 1983: CO 2 Climate Research Plan. Rep. DOE/ER-0186. [Available from Environmental Services Division, ER-74, OHER.
Richiardone, R., 1993: The transfer function of a differential micro-barometer. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 624-628.
Richman, H. A., 1986: Rotation of principal components. J. Clima-tol., 6, 293-335.
Richman, J. and C. Garrett, 1977: The transfer of energy and momentum by the wind to the surface mixed layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 7, 876-881.
Richman, J. G., C. Wunsch, and N. G. Hogg, 1977: Space and time scales of mesoscale motion in the western North Atlantic. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 15, 385-420.
Richman, M. B., 1981: Obliquely rotated principal components: An improved meteorological map typing technique? J. Appl. Meteor., 20, 1145-1159.
Richman, M. B. and P. J. Lamb, 1985: Climatic pattern analysis of 3and 7-day summer rainfall in the central United States: Some methodological considerations and regionalization. J. Appl. Meteor., 24, 1325-1343.
Richner, H. and P. D. Phillips, 1984: The radiosonde intercomparison SONDEX, Spring 1981, Payerne. Pure Appl. Geophys., 120, 851-1198.
Richner, H. and P. Viatte, 1995: The hydrostatic equation in the evaluation algorithm for radiosonde data. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 649-656.
Richter, H. and L. F. Bosart, 2002: The Suppression of Deep Moist Convection near the Southern Great Plains Dryline. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1665-1691.
Richter, J. H., 1969: High-resolution tropospheric radar sounding. Radio Sci., 4, 1261-1268.
Richtmyer, R. D. and K. W. Morton, 1967: Difference Methods for Initiai Value Problems. 2nd ed. J. Wiley and Sons, 405 pp.
Richwein, B. A., 1980: The damming effect of the southern Appa-lachians. Natl. Wea. Dig., 5, 2-12.
Richwien, B. A., 1980: The damming effect of the Southern Appalachians. Nat. Weather Digest, 5, 2-12.
Rickard, G. J., R. W. Lunnon, and J. Tenenbaum, 2001: The Met Office upper air winds: Prediction and verification in the context of commercial aviation data. Meteor. App., 8, 351-360.
Rickenbach, T. M., 1995: Rainfall production from the spectrum of convection observed by shipboard radar during TOGA COARE. Preprints, 21st Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Miami, FL, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 116-118.
Rickenbach, T. M., 1999: Cloud-Top Evolution of Tropical Oceanic Squall Lines from Radar Reflectivity and Infrared Satellite Data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2951-2976.
Rickenbach, T. M., S. A. Rutledge, C. A. DeMott, W. A. Petersen, and R. C. Cifelli, 1994: Analysis of the organization and modulation of convection in the western Pacific warm pool region. Preprints, Sixth Conf. on Mesoscale Processes, Portland, OR, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 13-26.
Rickenbach, T. M., S. A. Rutledge, C. i. T. C. H. Scale, and Morphology, 1998: and Rainfall Production. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2715-2729.
Riddle, A. C., 1985: Use of the sun to determine pointing of ST radar beams. Handbook for MAP, 14, 410-413. TABLE A1. Values of parameters used in Eq. (A3) to estimate the profiler's radar constant.
Rider, W. J. and L. G. Margolin, 2001: Simple Modifications of Monotonicity-Preserving Limiters. J. Compu. Phy., 174, 473-488.
Ridge, T. K., W. H., and J. M. Kline, 1984: The synoptic climatology of monthly mean surface temperature in the United States during winter relative to the surrounding 700 mb height field. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 433-448.
Ridgway, K. R., J. R. Dunn, and J. L. Wilkin, 2002: Ocean Interpolation by Four-Dimensional Weighted Least Squares-Application to the Waters around Australasia. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 19, 1357-1375.
Ridgway, W. L., Harshvardhan, and A. Arking, 1991: Computation of atmospheric cooling rates by exact and approximate methods. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 8969-8984.
Ridley, B. A., M. A. Carroll, G. L. Gregory, and G. W. Sachse, 1988: NO and NO2 in the troposphere: Technique and measurements in regions of a folded tropopause. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 15813-15830.
Ridout, J. A., B. Chertock, and R. Gelaro, 1994: The response of a GCM to a change in cloud solar forcing: Model feedbacks and comparison with satellite data. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 18555-18576.
Riebsame, W. E., S. A. Changnon, and T. R. Karl, 1991: Drought and Natural Resources Management in the United States: Impacts and Implications of the 1987-1989 Drought. Westview Press, 174.
Rieder, K. F., J. A. Smith, and R. A. Weller, 1994: Observed directional characteristics of the wind, wind stress, and surface waves on the open ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 22589-22596.
Riehl, H., 1950: A model of hurricane formation. J. Appl. Phys, 21, 917- 925.
Riehl, H., 1963: Some relations between wind and thermal structure of steady-state hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci., 20, 276-287.
Riehl, H., 1977: Venezuelan rain systems and the general circulation of the summer tropics: Rain systems. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 1402-1420.
Riehl, H., 1979: Climate and Weather in the Tropics. Academic Press, 609 pp.
Riehl, H. and J. S. Malkus, 1958: On the heat balance in the equatorial trough zone. Geophysica, 6, 503-538.
Riehl, H. and J. S. Malkus, 1958: On the heat balance in the equatorial through zone. Geophysica, 6, 503-538.
Riehl, H. and J. S. Malkus, 1961: Some aspects of hurricane Daisy, 1958. Tellus, 13, 181-213.
Riehl, H. and R. J. Shafer, 1944: The recurvature of tropical storms. J. Meteor., 1, 42-54.
Riehl, H. and J. M. Simpson, 1979: The heat balance in the equatorial trough zone, revisited. Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 52, 287-305.
Riehl, H., T. Yeh, J. Malkus, and N. I. Seur, 1951: The north-east trade of the Pactfic Ocean. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 77, 598-626.
Riehl, H., T. C. Yeh, J. S. Malkus, and N. E. L. Seur, 1951: The northeast trade of the Pacific Ocean. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 77, 598-626.
Rieland, M. and E. Raschke, 1991: Diurnal variability of the earth radiation budget: Sampling requirements, time integration aspects, and error estimates for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). Theor. Appl. Climatol., 44, 9-24.
Rienecker, M. M., R. Atlas, S. D. Schubert, and C. S. Willett, 1995: A comparison of wind products over the North Pacific ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 101 (C1), 1011-1023.
Rienecker, M. M. and C. N. K. Mooers, 1986: The 1982-1983 El Ninòo signal off Northern California. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 6597-6608.
Rienstra, S. W. and W. Eversman, 2001: A numerical comparison between the multiple-scales and finite-element solution for sound propagation in lined flow ducts. J. Fluid Mech., 437, 367-384.
Rieutord, M., L. Valdettaro, and B. Georgeot, 2002: Analysis of singular inertial modes in a spherical shell: the slender toroidal shell model. J. Fluid Mech., 463, 345-360.
Rife, D. L., T. T. Warner, F. Chen, and E. G. Astling, 2002: Mechanisms for Diurnal Boundary Layer Circulations in the Great Basin Desert. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 921-938.
Rigling, K. M., J. Paegle, and J. D. Horel, 1992: Simulation of diurnally varying downslope winds over northern Utah. Preprints, Sixth Conf. on Mountain Meteorology, Portland, OR, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 60-63.
Rigollier, C., M. Lefevre, P. Blanc, and L. Wald, 2002: The Operational Calibration of Images Taken in the Visible Channel of the Meteosat Series of Satellites. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 19, 1285-1293.
Rigor, I. G., J. M. Wallace, and R. L. Colony, 2002: Response of Sea Ice to the Arctic Oscillation. J. Climate, 15, 2648-2663.
Riishojgaard, L. P., 2001: Deterministic prediction of the ensemble variance for a barotropic vorticity-equation model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1761-1774.
RiishØjgaard, L. P., S. E. Cohn, Y. Li, and R. Ménard, 1998: The Use of Spline Interpolation in Semi-Lagrangian Transport Models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2008-2016.
Rikus, L., 1997: Application of a Scheme for Validating Clouds in an Operational Global NWP Model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1615-1637.
Riley, J. J. and R. W. Metcalfe, 1990: Direct numerical simulation of a perturbed turbulent mixing layer. AIAA 18th Aerospace Meeting, Pasadena, CA, Amer. Inst. Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1-7.
Riley, J. R., 1985: Collective orientation in night-flying insects. Nature, 253, 113-114.
Riley, J. R., 1985: Radar cross sections of insects. Proc. IEEE, 73(2), 228-232.
Riley, P. A. and J. R. Colquhoun, 1990: Thermodynamic and wind related variables in the environment of United States tornadoes and their relationship to tornado intensity. Preprints, 16th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Kananaskis Park, AB, Canada, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 599-602.
Rimbu, N., H. Le Treut, and C. Laurent, 2001: Decadal precipitation variability over Europe and its relation with surface atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 315.
Rimmington, G. and N. Nicholls, 1993: Forecasting wheat yields in Australia with the Southern Oscillation Index. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 44, 625-632.
Rind, D., 1986: The dynamics of warm and cold climates. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 3-24.
Rind, D., 1987: Components of the ice age circulation. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 4241-4281.
Rind, D., N. K. Balachandra, and R. Suozzo, 1992: Climate change and the middle atmosphere. Part II: The impact of volcanic aerosols. J. Climate, 5, 189-208.
Rind, D., E.-W. Chiou, W. Chu, J. Larsen, S. Oltmans, J. Lerner, M. P. McCormick, and L. McMaster, 1991: Positive water vapor feedback in climate models confirmed by satellite data. Nature, 349, 500-503.
Rind, D., E.-W. Chiou, W. Chu, S. Oltmans, J. Lerner, J. Larsen, M. P. McCormick, and L. McMaster, 1993: Overview of the stratospheric aerosol and gas experiment II water vapor observations: Method, validation, and data characteristics. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 4835-4856.
Rind, D., R. Goldberg, and R. Ruedy, 1989: Change in climate variability in the 21st century. Clim. Change, 14, 5-37.
Rind, D., R. Healy, C. Parkinson, and D. Martinson, 1995: The role of sea ice in 2 ? CO 2 climate model sensitivity. Part I: The total influence of sea ice thickness and extent. J. Climate, 8, 449-463.
Rind, D. and D. Peteet, 1985: Terrestrial conditions at the last glacial maximum and CLIMAP seasurface temperature estimates: Are they consistent? Quat. Res., 24, 1-22.
Rind, D., D. Peteet, W. Broecker, A. McIntyre, and W. Ruddiman, 1986: The impact of cold North Atlantic sea surface temperature on climate: Implication for Younger Dryas cooling (11-10 k). Climate Dyn., 1, 3-33.
Rind, D. and W. B. Rossow, 1984: The effects of physical processes on the Hadley circulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 479-507.
Rind, D., R. Suozzo, and N. K. Balachandran, 1988: The GISS Global Climate-Middle Atmosphere Model. Part II: Model variability due to interactions between planetary waves, the mean circulation and gravity-wave drag. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 371-386.
Rinehart, R. E., 1991: Radar for Meteorologists, 2nd ed.
Ringler, T. D. and K. H. Cook, 1997: Factors Controlling Nonlinearity in Mechanically Forced Stationary Waves over Orography. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2612-2629.
Ringler, T. D. and K. H. Cook, 1999: Understanding the Seasonality of Orographically Forced Stationary Waves: Interaction between Mechanical and Thermal Forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1154-1174.
Ringler, T. D. and D. A. Randall, 2002: A Potential Enstrophy and Energy Conserving Numerical Scheme for Solution of the Shallow-Water Equations on a Geodesic Grid. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1397-1410.
Ringler, T. D. and D. A. Randall, 2002: The ZM Grid: An Alternative to the Z Grid. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1411-1422.
Rinke, A., A. H. Lynch, and K. Dethloff, 2000: Intercomparison of Arctic regional climate simulations: Case studies of January and June 1990. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 29669.
Rinne, H. J. I., A. C. Delany, and A. B. Guenther, 2000: A true eddy accumulation system for trace gas fluxes using disjunct eddy sampling method. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24791.
Rinne, J. and H. Jarvinen, 1993: Estimation of the Cressman term for a barotropic model through optimization with use of the adjoint model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 825-833.
Rinsland, c. P., E. Mahieu, and B. Buchmann, 2000: Free tropospheric CO, C2H6, and HCN above central Europe: Recent measurements from the Jungfraujoch station including the detection of elevated columns during 1998. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24235.
Rintoul, S. R., 1991: South Atlantic interbasin exchange. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 2675-2592.
Riordan, A. J., 1990: Examination of the mesoscale features of the GALE coastal front of 24-25 January 1986. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 258-282.
Ripa, P., 1983: General stability conditions for zonal flows in a one-layer model on a b-plane or the sphere. J. Fluid Mech., 126, 463-489.
Ripa, P., 1989: Rays in the equatorial ocean. Trop. Ocean-Atmos. Newsltr., 48, 1-5.
Ripa, P., 1990: Positive, negative and zero wave energy and the flow stability problem, in the Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions. Pure Appl. Geophys., 133, 713-732.
Ripa, P., 1991: General stability conditions for a multi-layer model. J. Fluid. Mech., 222, 119-137.
Ripa, P., 1992: Wave energy-momentum and pseudoenergy-momentum conservation for the layered quasi-geostrophic instability problem. J. Fluid Mech., 235, 379-398.
Ripa, P., 1993: Arnol'd's second stability theorem for the equivalent barotropic model. J. Fluid Mech., 257, 597-605.
Riphagen, H. A., C. L. Bruyere, W. Jordaan, E. R. Poolman, and J. D. Gertenbach, 2002: Experiments with the NCEP Regional Eta Model at the South African Weather Bureau, with Emphasis on Terrain Representation and Its Effect on Precipitation Predictions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1246-1263.
Risbey, J. S., P. J. Lamb, R. L. Miller, M. C. Morgan, and G. H. Roe, 2002: Exploring the Structure of Regional Climate Scenarios by Combining Synoptic and Dynamic Guidance and GCM Output. J. Climate, 15, 1036-1050.
Riser, S. C., H. Freeland, and H. T. Rossby, 1978: Mesoscale motions near the deep western boundary of the North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res., 25, 1179-1191.
Risso, F. and K. Ellingsen, 2002: Velocity fluctuations in a homogeneous dilute dispersion of high-Reynolds-number rising bubbles. J. Fluid Mech., 453, 395-410.
Ritchie, E. A. and R. L. Elsberry, 2001: Simulations of the Transformation Stage of the Extratropical Transition of Tropical Cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1462-1480.
Ritchie, E. A. and G. J. Holland, 1993: On the interaction of tropical-cyclone scale vortices. Part II: Discrete vortex patches. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 1363-1379.
Ritchie, E. A. and G. J. Holland, 1997: Scale Interactions during the Formation of Typhoon Irving. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1377-1396.
Ritchie, E. A. and G. J. Holland, 1999: Large-Scale Patterns Associated with Tropical Cyclogenesis in the Western Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 2027-2043.
Ritchie, E. R., U. Schlese, U. Schulzweida, and M. Ty-ree, 1994: Forecasting global ENSOrelated climate anomalies. Tellus, 46A, 381-397.
Ritchie, H., 1984: Amplification of forced Rossby waves in the presence of a nonlinear critical layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2012-2019.
Ritchie, H., 1985: Rossby wave resonance in the presence of a nonlinear critical layer. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 31, 49-92.
Ritchie, H., 1986: Eliminating the interpolation associated with the semi-Lagrangian scheme. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 135-146.
Ritchie, H., 1987: Semi-Lagrangian advection on a Gaussian Grid. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 608-619.
Ritchie, H., 1988: Application of the semi-Lagrangian method to a spectral model of the shallow water equations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1587-1598.
Ritchie, H., 1991: Application of the semi-Lagrangian method to a multi-level spectral primitive-equations model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 117, 91-106.
Ritchie, H. and C. Beaudoin, 1994: Approximations and sensitivity experiments with a baroclinic semi-Lagrangian spectral model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2391-2399.
Ritchie, H. and M. Tanguay, 1994: Using divergence damping to eliminate the spurious semi-Lagrangian resonance. Preprint Volume: 10th Conf. on Numerical Weather Prediction, Portland, OR, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 410-411.
Ritchie, H., C. Temperton, A. Simmons, M. Hortal, T. Davies, D. Dent, and M. Hamrud, 1995: Implementation of the semi-Lagrangian method in a high-resolution version of the ECMWF forecast model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 489-514.
Ritchie, J. T. and S. Otter, 1985: Description and performance of CERES-wheat: A useroriented wheat yield model. USDA-ARS, 38, 159-170.
Ritter, B. and J.-F. Geleyn, 1992: A comprehensive radiation scheme for numerical weather prediction models with potential applications in climate simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 303-325.
Ritter, J. M. and K. J. Voss, 2000: A New Instrument for Measurement of the Solar Aureole Radiance Distribution from Unstable Platforms. J. Atmos. Ocean Tech., 17, 1040.
Rivas Soriano, L., E. L. G. a. Diez, and F. d. Pablo, 1994: generalized static energy and its conservation. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3281-3285.
Rivero, A., J. A. Ferre, and F. Giralt, 2001: Organized motions in a jet in crossflow. J. Fluid Mech., 444, 117-150.
Rivest, C., C. A. Davis, and B. F. Farrell, 1992: Upper-tropospheric synoptic-scale waves. Part I: Maintenance as Eady normal modes. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 2108-2119.
Rivest, C. and B. F. Farrell, 1992: Upper-tropospheric synoptic-scale waves. Part II: Maintenance and excitation of quasi modes. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 2120-2138.
Rivest, C. and A. Staniforth, 1995: Modifying the conventional three-time-level semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian scheme to elim-inate orographically-induced spurious resonance. Atmos.- Ocean. 33, 109-119.
Rivest, C. and A. Staniforth, 1995: Modifying the conventional three-time-level semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian scheme to elim-inate orographically-induced spurious resonance. Atmos.Ocean, 33, 109-119.
Rivest, C., A. Staniforth, and A. Robert, 1994: Spurious resonant response of semi-Lagrangian discretizations to orographic forcing: Diagnosis and solution. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 366-376.
Rivier, L., R. Loft, and L. M. Polvani, 2002: An Efficient Spectral Dynamical Core for Distributed Memory Computers. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1384-1396.
Riviere, G., B. L. Hua, and P. Klein, 2001: Influence of the beta-effect on non-modal baroclinic instability. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1375-1388.
Rivière, P. and P. Klein, 1997: Effects of an Asymmetric Friction on the Nonlinear Equilibration of a Baroclinic System. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1610-1627.
Rivoalen, E. and S. Huberson, 2001: The Particle Strength Exchange Method Applied to Axisymmetric Viscous Flows. J. Comp. Phys., 168, 519.
Rix, N. H. and J. Willebrand, 1996: Parameterization of mesoscale eddies as inferred from a high resolution circulation model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., in press.
Riyu, L., J. H. Oh, and B. J. Kim, 2001: Associations with the Interannual Variations of Onset and Withdrawal of the Changma. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 18, 1066-1080.
Rizvi, S. R. H., E. L. Bensman, T. S. V. VijayaKumar, A. Chakraborty, and T. N. Krishnamurti, 2002: Impact of CAMEX-3 data on the analysis and forecasts of Atlantic hurricanes. Meteor. Atmos. Phy., 79, 13-32.
Roach, A. T., K. Aagaard, and F. D. Carsey, 1993: Coupled ice-ocean variability in the Greenland Sea. Atmos.-Ocean, 31, 319-337.
Roach, W. T., R. Brown, S. J. Caughey, B. A. Crease, and A. Slingo, 1982: A field study of nocturnal stratocumulus. I. Mean structure and budgets. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 108, 103-123.
Roach, W. T. and A. Slingo, 1979: A high resolution infrared radiative transfer scheme to study the interaction of radiation with cloud. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 105, 603-614.
Roache, P. J., 1972: Computational Fluid Dynamics. Hermosa Publ., 446 pp.
Roache, P. J., 1992: A flux-based modified method of characteristics. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids, 15, 1259-1275.
Roads, J., S. Chen, M. Kanamitsu, and H. Juang, 1997: GDAS's GCIP Energy Budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1776-1794.
Roads, J., S.-C. Chen, M. Kanamitsu, and H. Juang, 1996: GDAS' GCIP Energy Budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., in press.
Roads, J. O., 1978: Numerical experiments on the climatic sensitivity of an atmospheric hydrologic cycle. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 753-773.
Roads, J. O., 1986: Forecasts of time averages with a numerical weather prediction model. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 871-892.
Roads, J. O., 1989: Linear and nonlinear responses to middle latitude temperature anomalies. J. Climate, 2, 1014-1046.
Roads, J. O. and T. P. Barnett, 1984: Forecasts of the 500-mb height using a dynamically oriented statistical method. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 1354-1369.
Roads, J. O. and S. C. Chen, 2000: Surface water and energy budgets in the NCEP regional spectral model. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 29539.
Roads, J. O., S.-C. Chen, A. K. Guetter, and K. Georgakakos, 1994: Large-scale aspects of the United States hydrologic cycle. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 1589-1610.
Roads, J. O., S.-C. Chen, J. Kao, D. Langley, and G. Glatzmaier, 1992: Global aspects of the Las Alamos General Circulation Model hydrologic cycle. J. Geophys. Rev., 97, 10051-10068.
Robbins, C. C. and J. V. Cortinas, 2002: Local and Synoptic Environments Associated with Freezing Rain in the Contiguous United States. Wea. Forecasting, 17, 47-65.
Robe, F. R. and K. Emanuel, 2001: The effect of vertical wind shear on radiative-convective equilibrium states. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 1247-1445.
Robe, F. R. and K. A. Emanuel, 1996: Moist Convective Scaling: Some Inferences from Three-Dimensional Cloud Ensemble Simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3265-3275.
Robert, A., 1969: The integration of the spectral model of the Atmosphere by the implicit method. Proc. of the WMO/ IUGG Symp. on NWP, Tokyo, Japan.
Robert, A., 1981: A stable numerical integration scheme for the primitive meteorological equations. Atmos.-Ocean, 19, 35-46.
Robert, A., 1982: A semi-Lagrangian and semi-implicit numerical integration scheme for the primitive meteorological equations. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 60, 319-325.
Robert, A., 1993: Bubble convection experiments with a semi-implicit formulation of the Euler equations. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1865-1873.
Robert, A. and E. Yakimiw, 1986: Identification and elimination of an inflow boundary computational solution in limited area model integrations. Atmos.-Ocean, 24, 369-385.
Robert, A., T. L. Yee, and H. Ritchie, 1985: A semi-Lagrangian and semi-implicit numerical integration scheme for multilevel atmospheric models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 388-394.
Robert, A. J., 1966: Integration of a low order spectral form of the primitive meteorological equations. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan., 44, 237-245.
Robert, A. J., 1969: The integration of a spectral model the atmosphere by the implicit mothod. Proc. of the MWO/IUGG Symposimum on NWP, VII, Tokyo, Japan Metero. Agency, 19-24.
Robert, A. J., 1981: A stable numerical integration scheme for the primitive meteorological equations. Atmos. Ocean, 19, 35-46.
Robert, A. J., J. Henderson, and C. Turnbull, 1972: An implicit time integration scheme for baroclinic models of the atmosphere. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 329-335.
Robert, A. J., T. K. Yee, and H. Ritchie, 1985: A semi-Lagarangian and semi-implicit numerical integration scheme for multi-level atmospheric models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 388-394.
Roberti, L., J. Haferman, and C. Kummerow, 1994: Microwave radiative transfer through horizontally inhomogeneous precipitating clouds. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 16707-16718.
Roberts, A. M. and F. M. Deacon, 2002: Gravitaxis in motile micro-organisms: the role of fore-aft body asymmetry. J. Fluid Mech., 452, 405-424.
Roberts, C. M., C. Gordon, and C. Cooper, 1997: The Origin of Flux Adjustments in a Coupled Model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 909-925.
Roberts, J. J., E. S. Croke, and A. S. Kennedy, 1970: An urban atmospheric dispersion model. Proc. Symp. on Multiple-Source Urban Diffusion Models. Air Pollution Control Office, 6.1-6.7-2.
Roberts, M. J. and R. A. Wood, 1995: Topographic sensitivity studies.
Roberts, P. H. and K. Zhang, 2000: Thermal generation of Alfven waves in oscillatory magnetoconvection. J. Fluid Mech., 201.
Roberts, P. J. W., 1979: Line plumes and ocean outfall dispersion. J. Hydrol. Div., ASCE, 105.
Roberts, R., J. Selby, and L. Biberman, 1976: Infrared continuum absorption by atmospheric water vapor in the 8-12 micron window. Appl. Opt., 15, 20-85.
Roberts, R. D. and J. W. Wilson, 1989: A proposed microburst nowcasting procedure using single-Doppler radar. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 285-303.
Roberts, R. D. and J. W. Wilson, 1995: The genesis of three non-supercell tornadoes observed with dual-Doppler radar. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3408-3436.
Roberts, R. E., J. E. A. Selby, and L. Biberman, 1976: Infrared continuum absorption by atmospheric water vapor in the 8-12 mm window. Appl. Opt., 5, 2085-2090.
Roberts, R. M., A. L. New, and R. A. Wood, 1996: An intercomparison of a Bryan-Cox-type ocean model and an isopycnic ocean model. Part I: The subpolar gyre and highlatitude processes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 1495-1527.
Roberts, W. J. and E. K. Grebel, 1994: Heterochromatic extinction Part II: Dependence of atmospheric extinction on stellar temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity. Astron. Astrophys., 289, 1-20.
Robertson, A. W., 1996: Interdecadal variability over the North Pacific in a multi-century climate simulation. Climate Dyn., 12, 227-241.
Robertson, A. W., 2001: Influence of Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction on the Arctic Oscillation in Two General Circulation Models. J. Climate, 14, 3240-3254.
Robertson, A. W., C.-C. Ma, C. R. Mechoso, and M. Ghil, 1995: Simulation of the tropical Pacific climate with a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model. Part I: The seasonal cycle. J. Climate, 8, 1178-1198.
Robertson, A. W., C.-C. Ma, C. R. Mechoso, and M. Ghil, 1995: Simulation of the tropical Pacific climate with a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model. Part II: Interannual variability. J. Climate, 8, 1199-1216.
Robertson, A. W. and W. Metz, 1989: Three-dimensional linear instability of persistent anomalous large-scale flows. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2783-2801.
Robertson, D. C., L. S. Bernstein, R. Haimes, J. Wunderlich, and L. Vega, 1981: 5-cm0 1 band model option to LOWTRAN5. Appl. Opt., 20, 3218-3226.
Robertson, D. G., J. Wong, A. R. Stanley-Jones, and H. Wilke, 1965: Oceanographic Atlas of Ocean Weather Station ''Papa'', 1956-1963. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, MS Rep. Ser. (Oceanogr. and Limnol.). No. 1-87.
Robertson, F. R., D. G. Vincent, and D. M. Kann, 1989: The role of diabatic heating in maintaining the upper-tropospheric baroclinic zone in the South Pacific. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 115, 1253-1271.
Robertson, H. P., 1940: The invariant theory of isotropic turbulence. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc., 36, 209-223.
Robertson, P., 1972: A direction-insensitive static head sensor. J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 5, 1080-1082.
Robertson, R., L. Padman, and M. D. Levine, 1995: Fine structure, microstructure, and vertical mixing processes in the upper ocean in the western Weddell Sea. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 18503-18515.
Robertson, R., L. Padman, and M. D. Levine, 2001: A Correction to the Baroclinic Pressure Gradient Term in the Princeton Ocean Model. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 18, 1068-1075.
Robichaud, A. and C. A. Lin, 1989: Simple models of diabatically forced mesoscale circulations and mechanism of amplification. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 3413-3426.
Robinet, J. C., J. Gressler, and J. M. Moschetta, 2000: Shock wave instability and the carbuncle phenomenon: same intrinsic origin. J. Fluid Mech., 237.
Robinove, C. J., 1982: Computation with physical values from Land-sat digital data. Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., 48, 781-784.
Robinson, A. C., 1983: Eddies in Marine Science. Springverlag. 6-09.
Robinson, A. R., 1992: Shipboard prediction with a regional forecast model. Oceanography, 5, 42-48.
Robinson, A. R., S. M. Glenn, M. A. Spall, L. J. Walstad, G. M. Gardner, and W. G. Leslie, 1989: Forecasting Gulf Stream meanders and rings. Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 70(45), 1464-1473.
Robinson, A. R., D. E. Harrison, Y. Mintz, and A. J. Semtner, 1977: Eddies and the general circulation of an idealized oceanic gyre: A wind and thermally driven primitive equation numerical experiment. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 7, 182-207.
Robinson, A. R., J. R. Luyten, and F. C. Fuglister, 1974: Transient Gulf Stream meandering. Part I: An observational experiment. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 4, 237-255.
Robinson, A. R., Y. Mintz, R. L. Haney, Y.-J. Han, and K. Takano, 1974: mesoscale eddies in a model gyre: A numerical experiment with steady forcing and simplified geometry. Mode Hotline News. No. 57, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1-2 (and figures).
Robinson, A. R. and P. P. Niiler, 1967: The theory of free inertial currents. I. Path and structure. Tellus, 19, 269-291.
Robinson, A. R., M. A. Spall, and N. Pinardi, 1988: Gulf Stream simulations and the dynamics of ring and meander processes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 18, 1811-1853.
Robinson, A. R. and B. A. Taft, 1972: A numerical experiment for the path of the Kuroshio. J. Mar. Res., 30, 65-101.
Robinson, A. R. and L. J. Walstad, 1987: The Harvard open ocean model: Calibration and application to dynamical process forecasting and data assimilation studies. J. Appl. Numer. Math., 3, 89-131.
Robinson, D. A., 1989: Evaluation of the collection, archiving and publication of daily snow data in the United States. Phys. Geogr., 10, 120-130.
Robinson, D. A., 1991: Merging operational satellite and historical station snow cover data to monitor climate change. Palaeogeogr. Paleoclimatol., Paleoecol., 90.
Robinson, D. A., 1993: Hemispheric snow cover from satellites. Ann. Glaciol., 17, 367-371.
Robinson, D. A., 1993: Historical daily climatic data for the United States. Preprints, Eighth Conf. on Applied Climatology, Ana-heim, CA.
Robinson, D. A., 1993: Monitoring Northern Hemisphere snow cover. Snow Watch '92-Detection Strategies for Snow and Ice. Glaciological Data Rep. GD-25. World Data Center A for Glaciology, University of Colorado, 1-25.
Robinson, D. A., K. F. Dewey, and R. R. H. Jr., 1993: Global snow cover monitoring: An update. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 1689-1696.
Robinson, D. A. and M. G. Hughes, 1991: Snow cover variability on the northern and central Great Plains. Great Plains Res. 1, 93-113.
Robinson, D. A., F. T. Keimig, and K. F. Dewey, 1991: Recent variations in Northern Hemisphere snow cover. Proc. 15th Annual Climate Diagnostics Workshop, Asheville, NC.
Robinson, D. A. and G. Kukla, 1984: Albedo of a dissipating snow cover. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 23, 1626-1634.
Robinson, D. A. and G. Kukla, 1985: Maximum surface albedo of seasonally snow-covered lands in the Northern Hemisphere. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 24, 402-411.
Robinson, D. A. and G. Kukla, 1988: Comments on ''Comparison of Northern Hemisphere snow cover datasets.''. J. Climate, 1, 435-440.
Robinson, D. A., M. C. Serreze, R. G. Barry, G. Scharfen, and G. Kukla, 1992: Large-scale patterns and variability of snowmelt and parameterized surface albedo in the Arctic Basin. J. Climate, 5, 1109-1119.
Robinson, G. D., 1958: Some observations from aircraft of surface albedo and the albedo and absorption of cloud. Arch. Meteor. Geophys. Bioklimatol., B9, 28-41.
Robinson, G. D., 1967: Some current projects for global meteorological observation and experiment. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 93, 409-418.
Robinson, G. D., 1971: The predictability of a dissipative flow. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 97, 300-312.
Robinson, I. S., 1979: The tidal dynamics of the Irish and Celtic Seas. Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 56, 159-197.
Robinson, I. S., N. C. Wells, and H. Charnock, 1984: The sea surface thermal boundary layer and its relevance to the measurement of sea surface temperature by airborne and spaceborne radiometers. Int. J. Remote Sens., 5, 19-45.
Robinson, M., R. Bauer, and E. Schroeder, 1979: Atlas of North Atlantic -Indian Ocean Monthly Mean Temperatures and Mean Salinities of the Surface Layer. Department of the Navy. Washington, DC, 220.
Robinson, M. K., R. A. Bauer, and E. H. S. der, 1979: Atlas of the North Atlantic-Indian Ocean monthly mean temperatures and mean salinities of the surface layer. Naval Oceanogr. Off. Ref. Publ. 1-8.
Robinson, P. J., 1996: Projecting daily temperatures from long-lead forecasts. Preprints, 13th Conf. on Probability and Statistics in the Atmospheric Sciences, San Francisco, CA.
Robinson, P. J., 2001: On the Definition of a Heat Wave. J. App. Meteor., 40, 762.
Robinson, P. J. and P. L. Finkelstein, 1991: The development of impactoriented climate scenarios. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 72, 481-490.
Robinson, S. K., 1991: Coherent motions in the turbulent boundary layer. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 23, 601-639.
Robinson, W., 1996: Does eddy feedback sustain variability in the zonal index? J. Atmos. Sci., in press.
Robinson, W. A., 1986: The application of the quasi-geostrophic Eliassen-Palm flux to the analysis of stratospheric data. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1017-1023.
Robinson, W. A., 1991: The dynamics of the zonal index in a simple model of the atmosphere. Tellus, 43A, 295-305.
Robinson, W. A., 1994: Eddy feedbacks on the zonal index and eddy-zonal flow interactions induced by zonal flow transience. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2553-2562.
Robinson, W. A., 2000: A Baroclinic Mechanism for the Eddy Feedback on the Zonal Index. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 415-422.
Robinson, W. A. and J. Qin, 1992: Predictability of the zonal index in a global model. Tellus, 44A, 331-338.
Robock, A., 1978: Internally and externally caused climate change. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1111-1122.
Robock, A., 1980: The seasonal cycle of snow cover, sea ice and surface albedo. Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 267-285.
Robock, A., 1983: Ice and snow feedbacks and the latitudinal and seasonal distribution of climate sensitivity. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 986-997.
Robock, A. and and, 1995: The volcanic signal in surface temperature observations. J. Climate, 8, 1086-1103.
Robock, A. and J. Mao, 1992: Winter warming from large volcanic eruptions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 2405-2408.
Robock, A. and J. P. Mao, 1995: The volcanic signal in surface temperature observations. J. Climate, 8, 1086Ò11-03.
Rockel, B. and U. Karstens, 2001: Development of the water budget for three extra-tropical cyclones with intense rainfall over Europe. Meteor. Atmos. Phy., 77, 75-84.
Rockel, B., E. Raschke, and B. Weyres, 1991: A parameterization of broad band radiative transfer properties of water, ice and mixed clouds. Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 64, 1-12.
Rocken, C. and Co-authors, 1997: Analysis and Validation of GPS/MET data in the neutral atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 29849-29866.
Rocken, C., T. V. Hove, J. Johnson, F. Solheim, R. Ware, M. Bevis, S. Chiswell, and S. Businger, 1995: GPS/STORM-GPS sensing of atmospheric water vapor for meteorology. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 468-478.
Rocken, C., R. V. Hover, and R. Ware, 1997: Near real-time sensing of atmospheric water vapor. Geophys. Res. Letter, 24.
Rocken, C., S. Sokolovskiy, J. M. Johnson, and D. Hunt, 2001: Improved Mapping of Tropospheric Delays. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 18, 1205-1213.
Rocken, C., R. H. Ware, T. v. Hove, F. Solheim, C. Alber, J. Johnson, M. Bevis, and S. Businger, 1993: Sensing atmospheric water vapor with global positioning system. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2631-2634.
Rocken, R. W., T. M. Exner, T. VanHove, and F. Solheim, 1996: The promise of GPS in atmospheric monitoring. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 5-18.
Rockmann, T., J. Kaiser, C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer, J. N. Crowley, R. Borchers, W. A. Brand, and P. J. Crutzen, 2001: Isotopic enrichment of nitrous oxide (15N14NO, 14N15NO, 14N14N18O) in the stratosphere and in the laboratory (Paper 2000JD900822). J. Geophy. Res., 106, 10,403-10,410.
Rocks, J. K., 1987: The whole sky sensor: Phase 1 final report. DTIC AD-A179-271.
Rockwell, D. C., D. S. D. III, M. F. Palmer, C. V. Marion, and R. J. Bowden, 1980: Lake Michigan intensive survey 197677. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Rep. EPA-905/4- 80-003-A. Great Lakes Program Office, Chicago, IL.
Rockwitz, K.-D., 1989: Scattering properties of horizontally oriented ice crystal columns in cirrus clouds, Part 1. Appl. Opt., 28, 4103-4111.
Roden, G. I., 1986: Thermohaline fronts and baroclinic flow in the Argentine Basin during the austral spring of 1984. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 5075-5093.
Rodenbusch, G. and C. Kallstrom, 1986: Forces on large cylinders in a random directional flow. Proc. 18th Offshore Technology Conf., Houston, TX.
Rodenhuis, M. A. C., A. Leetmaa, N. E. Graham, C. F. Ro-pelewski, V. E. Kousky, E. A. O'Lenic, and R. E. Livezey, 1994: Long-lead seasonal forecasts-Where do we stand? Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 2097-2114.
Rodgers, C., R. Wells, R. Grainger, and F. Taylor, 1996: Improved stratospheric and mesospheric sounder validation: General approach and radiometric calibration. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9775-9793.
Rodgers, C. D., 1967: The use of emissivity in atmospheric radiation calculations. Quart. J. Meteor. Soc., 93, 43-54.
Rodgers, C. D., 1967: The use of emissivity in atmospheric radiation calculation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 93, 43-54.
Rodgers, C. D., 1968: Some extension and application of new random model for molecular and band frequency. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 94, 99-102.
Rodgers, C. D., 1976: Retrieval of atmospheric temperature and composition from remote measurements of thermal radiation. Rev. Geophys. and Space Phys., 14, 609-624.
Rodgers, C. D. and A. J. Prata, 1981: Evidence for a traveling two-day wave in the middle atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 86, 9661-9664.
Rodgers, C. D. and C. D. Walshaw, 1966: The computation of infrared cooling rate in planetary atmospheres. Quart. J. Meteor. Soc., 92, 6792.
Rodgers, C. D. and A. P. Williams, 1974: Integrated absorption of a spectral line with the Voigt profile. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 14, 319-323.
Rodgers, D. M., K. W. Howard, and E. C. Johnston, 1983: Mesoscale convective complexes over the United States in 1982: Annual summary. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 2363-2369.
Rodgers, D. M., K. W. Howard, and E. C. Johnston, 1983: Mesoscaie convective complexes over the United States during 1982. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 2363-2369.
Rodgers, D. M., K. W. Howard, and E. C. Johnston, 1983: Mesoscale convective complexes over the United States during 1982-Annual summary. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 2363-2369.
Rodgers, D. M., M. J. Magnano, and J. H. Arns, 1985: Mesoscale convective complexes over the United States in 1983: Annual summary. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 888-901.
Rodgers, D. M., M. J. Magnano, and J. H. Arns, 1985: Mesoscale convective complexes over the United States during 1983-Annual summary. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 888-901.
Rodgers, E. and R. C. Gentry, 1983: Monitoring tropical-cyclone intensity using environmental wind fields derived from short-interval satellite images. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 979-996.
Rodgers, E., R. C. Gentry, W. Shenk, and V. Oliver, 1979: The benefits of using short-interval satellite images to derive winds for tropical cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 575-584.
Rodgers, E., W. Olson, and H. Pierce, 2000: Environmental Forcing of Supertyphoon Paka's (1997) Latent Heat Structure. J. App. Meteor., 39, 1983.
Rodgers, E. B., R. F. Adler, and H. F. Pierce, 2001: Contribution of Tropical Cyclones to the North Atlantic Climatological Rainfall as Observed from Satellites. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 1785-1800.
Rodgers, E. B., S. W. Chang, and H. F. Pierce, 1994: A satellite observational and numerical study of precipitation characteristics in western North Atlantic tropical cyclones. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 129-139.
Rodgers, E. B., S. W. Chang, J. Stout, J. Steranka, and J. J. Shi, 1991: Satellite observations of variations in tropical cyclone convection caused by upper-tropospheric troughs. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 1163-1184.
Rodgers, E. B., W. S. Olson, V. M. Karyampudi, and H. F. Pierce, 1998: Satellite-Derived Latent Heating Distribution and Environmental Influences in Hurricane Opal (1995). Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1229-1247.
Rodgers, E. B., V. V. Salmonson, and H. L. Kyle, 1976: Upper tropospheric dynamics as reflected in Nimbus 4 THIR 6.7 mm data. J. Geophys. Res., 81, 5749-5758.
Rodgers, E. B., J. Stout, J. Steranka, and S. W. Chang, 1990: Tropical cyclone-upper-atmospheric interaction as inferred from satellite total ozone observations. J. Appl. Meteor., 29, 934-954.
Rodgers, F. W. T., A. E. Roche, J. B. Kumer, S. T. Massie, and T. Deshler, 1995: Validation of aerosol measurements from the Improved Stratospheric and Mesospheric Sounder. J. Geophys. Res., in press.
Rodhe, H. and L. Granat, 1983: Summer and winter budgets for sulfur over Europe; an indication of large seasonal variations of residence time. Ido®ja¥ra¥s, 87, 1-6.
Rodi, A. R., 1978: Small-scale variability of the cloud-droplet spectrum in cumulus clouds. Proceedings, Conference on Cloud Physics and Atmospheric Electricity, Issaquah, WA.
Rodi, A. R., 1981: The study of thefine-scale structure of cumulus clouds, University of Wyoming, 328 pp, Laramie.
Rodi, A. R., J. C. Fankhauser, and R. L. Vaughan, 1991: Use of distance-measuring equipment (DME) for correcting biases in position, velocity and wind measurements from aircraft inertial navigation systems. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 8, 827-834.
Rodi, A. R. and R. L. V. J. C. Fankhauser, 1991: Use of distance-measuring equipment (DME) for correcting errors in position, velocity, and wind measurements from aircraft inertial navigation systems. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 8, 827834.
Rodi, A. R. and T. R. Parish, 1988: Aircraft measurement of mesoscale pressure gradients and ageostrophic winds. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 5, 91-101.
Rodi, W., 1987: Examples of calculation methods for flows and mixing in stratified fluids. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 5305-5328.
Rodionov, S. N. and and, 1992: The 1980's context of climate changes in the North Atlantic region. ICES Marine Science Symp. 195, 86-95.
Rodionov, S. N. and A. S. Krovnin, 1991: Interannual variability of thermal conditions in the Bering Sea. Proc. Int. Symp. on Bering Sea Fisheries, Khabarovsk, Russia.
Rodo, X., 2001: Reversal of three global atmospheric fields linking changes in SST anomalies in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans at tropical latitudes and midlatitudes. Climate Dynamics, 18, 203-218.
Rodriguez, D. J., G. D. Greenly, P. M. Gresho, R. Lange, B. S. Lawver, L. A. Lawson, and H. Walker, 1992: User's guide to the MATHEW/ ADPIC models. LLNL University of California UCRL-MA-103581. 149.
Rodriguez, E., Y. Kim, and J. M. Martin, 1992: The effect of small wave modulation on the electromagnetic bias. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 2379-2389.
RodriguezFonseca, B. and E. Serrano, 2002: Winter 10-Day Coupled Patterns between Geopotential Height and Iberian Peninsula Rainfall Using the ECMWF Precipitation Reanalysis. J. Climate, 15, 1309-1321.
Rodriguez-Iturbe, I. and P. S. Eagleson, 1987: Mathematical models of rainstorm events in space and time. Water Resour. Res., 23, 181-190.
Rodriguez-Iturbe, I., D. Entekhabi, and and, 1991: Nonlinear dynamics of soil moisture at climate scales: Chaotic analysis. Water Resour. Res., 27, 1907-1915.
Rodriguez-Iturbe, I., D. Entekhabi, and R. Bras, 1991: Nonlinear dynamics of soil moisture at climate scales. Part 1: Stochastic analysis. Water Resour. Res., 27, 1899-1906.
Rodriguez-Iturbe, I. and J. M. Mejia, 1974: The design of rainfall networks in time and space. Water Resour. Res., 10, 713-728.
Rodwell, M. J., 1997: Breaks in the Asian Monsoon: The Influence of Southern Hemisphere Weather Systems. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2597-2611.
Rodwell, M. J. and C. K. Folland, 2002: Atlantic air-sea interaction and seasonal predictability. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 128, 1413-1444.
Rodwell, M. J. and B. J. Hoskins, 2001: Subtropical Anticyclones and Summer Monsoons. J. Climate, 14, 3192-3211.
Roe, G. H. and R. S. Lindzen, 2001: The Mutual Interaction between Continental-Scale Ice Sheets and Atmospheric Stationary Waves. J. Climate, 14, 1450.
Roe, H. S. J. and G. Griffiths, 1993: Biological information from an acoustic doppler current profiler. Mar. Biol. Berlin. 115, 339-346.
Roebber, P. J., 1984: Statistical analysis and updated climatology of explosive cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1781-1794.
Roebber, P. J., 1989: The role of surface heat and moisture fluxes associated with large-scale ocean current meanders in maritime cyclogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1676-1694.
Roebber, P. J. and and, 1996: The complex relationship between forecast skill and forecast value: A real world analysis. Wea. Forecasting, 11, 544-559.
Roebber, P. J. and L. F. Bosart, 1994: How sensitive is the precipitation associated with baroclinic winter storms to small variations in the synoptic-scale circulation? An analysis of observed data using regional analogues. Proc. Int. Symp. on the Life Cycles of Extratropical Cyclones, Bergen, Norway.
Roebber, P. J. and L. F. Bosart, 1996: The contributions of education and experience to forecast skill. Wea. Forecasting, 11, 21-40.
Roebber, P. J. and L. F. Bosart, 1998: The Sensitivity of Precipitation to Circulation Details. Part I: An Analysis of Regional Analogs. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 437-455.
Roebber, P. J. and J. Eise, 2001: The 21 June 1997 Flood: Storm-Scale Simulations and Implications for Operational Forecasting. Wea. Forecasting, 16, 197-218.
Roebber, P. J. and G. W. Reuter, 2002: The Sensitivity of Precipitation to Circulation Details. Part II: Mesoscale Modeling. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 3-23.
Roebber, P. J., D. M. Schultz, and R. Romero, 2002: Synoptic Regulation of the 3 May 1999 Tornado Outbreak. Wea. Forecasting, 17, 399-429.
Roeckner, E. and Coauthors, 1992: Simulation of the present-day climate with the ECHAM model: Impact of model physics and resolution. Max-Planck-Institut fu ® r Meteorologie. Report No. 93, Hamburg, Germany.
Roeckner, E. and Coauthors, 1992: Simulation of the present-day climate with the ECHAM model: Impact of model physics and resolution. Rep. 93, Max-Planck-Institut fur Meteorologie, Bun-destrasse 55.
Roeckner, E., M. Rieland, and E. Keup, 1990: Modelling of clouds and radiation in the ECHAM model. Proc. of ECMWF/ WCRP Workshop on Clouds, Radiation, and the Hydrologic Cycle.
Roeckner, E., M. Rieland, and E. Keup, 1991: Modelling of cloud and radiation in the ECHAM model. ECMWF/ WCRP Workshop on Clouds. Radiative Transfer and the Hydrological Cycle, Reading, United Kingdom.
Roeckner, E., U. Schlese, J. Biercamp, and P. Loewe, 1987: Cloud optical depth feedbacks and climate modeling. Nature, 329, 138-140.
Røed, L. P., 1999: A Pointwise Energy Diagnostic Scheme for Multilayer, Nonisopycnic, Primitive Equation Ocean Models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 1897-1911.
Roelofs, G. J. H., 1992: Drop size dependent sulfate distribution in a growing cloud. J. Atmos. Chem., 14, 109-118.
Roelofs, G. J. H., 1992: On the drop and aerosol size dependence of aqueous sulfate formation in a continental cumulus cloud. Atmos. Environ., 26A, 2309-2321.
Roelofs, G. J. H., 1993: A cloud chemistry sensitivity study and comparison of explicit and bulk cloud model performance. Atmos. Environ., 27A, 2255-2264.
Roemmich, D., 1980: Estimation of meridional heat flux in the North Atlantic by inverse methods. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 10, 1972-1983.
Roemmich, D., 1983: Optimal estimation of hydrographic station data and derived fields. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1544-1549.
Roemmich, D., 1983: The balance of geostrophic and Ekman transports in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1534-1539.
Roemmich, D., 1990: Sea level and the thermal variability of the ocean. Sea-Level Change, Geophysics Study Committee, Com-mission of Physical Sciences. Mathematics, and Resources, National Research Council.
Roemmich, D. and and, 1985: Two transatlantic sections: Meridional circulation and heat flux in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 32, 619-664.
Roemmich, D. and C. Wunsch, 1982: On combining satellite altimetry with hydrographic data. J. Mar. Res., 40, 605-619.
Roemmich, D. and C. Wunsch, 1984: Apparent changes in the climatic state of the deep North Atlantic Ocean. Nature, 307, 447-450.
Roemmich, D. R., 1983: Optimal estimation of the hydrographic station data and derived fields. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1544-1549.
Roemmich, D. R. and and, 1992: The subtropical mode waters of the South Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1178-1187.
Roemmich, D. R. and B. Cornuelle, 1990: Observing the fluctuations of gyre-scale ocean circulation: A study of the subtropical South Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 1919-1934.
Roemmich, D. R., M. Y. Morris, and B. Cornuelle, 1994: XBT results on P14C-Auckland to Suva. U.S. WOCE Implementation Report No. 6. U.S. WOCE Office, College Station, TX.
Roesch, A., M. Wild, H. Gilgen, and A. Ohmura, 2001: A new snow cover fraction parametrization for the ECHAM4 GCM. Climate Dynamics, 17, 933-946.
Roeth, E.-P., 1986: Description of one-dimensional model for Atmospheric chemistry. Ber. Kernforschungsanlage Juelich. p. 20-98.
Roether, W. and G. Fuchs, 1988: Water mass transport and ventilation in the Northeast Atlantic derived from tracer data. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, A325, 63-69.
Rogallo, R. S. and P. Moin, 1984: Numerical simulation of turbulent flows. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 16, 99-137.
Rogash, J., 1987: Meso-synoptic analysis of a severe thunderstorm event associated with the southwest desert monsoon. Natl. Wea. Dig., 12, 7-13.
Rogash, J. A. and J. Racy, 2002: Some Meteorological Characteristics of Significant Tornado Events Occurring in Proximity to Flash Flooding. Wea. Forecasting, 17, 155-159.
Roger, R. R., 1979: A Short Course in Cloud Physics. Vol. No. 96, International Series in Natural Philosophy, 235 pp.
Rogers, A. N., D. H. Bromwich, E. N. Sinclair, and R. I. Cullather, 2001: The Atmospheric Hydrologic Cycle over the Arctic Basin from Reanalyses. Part II: Interannual Variability. J. Climate, 14, 2414-2429.
Rogers, D. C., P. J. DeMott, S. M. Kreidenweis, and Y. Chen, 2001: A Continuous-Flow Diffusion Chamber for Airborne Measurements of Ice Nuclei. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 18, 725-741.
Rogers, D. P., 1989: The marine boundary layer in the vicinity of an ocean front. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2044-2062.
Rogers, D. P., D. W. Johnson, and C. A. Friehe, 1995: The stable internal boundary layer of a coastal sea. Part I: Airborne measurements of mean and turbulence structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 667-683.
Rogers, D. P. and D. Koracin, 1992: Radiative transfer and turbulence in the cloud-topped marine atmospheric boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1473-1486.
Rogers, D. P., Y. L. Serra, D. E. Hagan, C. A. Friehe, R. L. Grossman, R. A. Weller, and S. Anderson, 1995: Mean structure and surface fluxes over the central and western equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., in press.
Rogers, D. P. and J. W. Telford, 1986: Metastable stratus tops. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112, 481-500.
Rogers, D. P., X. Yang, P. M. Norris, D. W. Johnson, G. M. Martin, C. A. Friehe, and B. W. Berger, 1995: Diurnal evolution of the cloud-topped marine boundary layer. Part I: Nocturnal stratocumulus development. J. Atmos. Sci., 525, 2953-2966.
Rogers, E. and L. F. Bosart, 1986: An investigation of explosively deepening oceanic cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 702-718.
Rogers, E. and L. F. Bosart, 1991: A diagnostic study of two intense oceanic cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 965-996.
Rogers, E., D. Deaven, and G. DiMego, 1995: The regional analysis system for the operational ''early'' eta model: Original 80-km configuration and recent changes. Wea. Forecasting, 10, 810-825.
Rogers, E., D. G. Deaven, and G. J. DiMego, 1995: The regional analysis system for the operational ÏearlyÓ eta model: Original 80-km configuration and recent changes. Wea. Forecasting, 10, 810Ò8-25.
Rogers, E., G. J. DiMego, J. P. Gerrity, R. A. Petersen, B. D. Schmidt, and D. M. Kann, 1990: Preliminary experiments using GALE observations at the National Meteorological Center. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 319-333.
Rogers, E. B., J.-J. Baik, and H. F. Pierce, 1994: The environmental influence on tropical cyclone precipitation. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 573-593.
Rogers, H. L., M. P. Chipperfield, and J. A. Pyle, 2000: The effects of future supersonic aircraft on stratospheric chemistry modeled with varying meteorology. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 29359.
Rogers, J. C., 1981: The North Pacific Oscillation. J. Climatol., 1, 39-57.
Rogers, J. C., 1984: The association between the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Southern Oscillation in the Northern Hemisphere. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 1999-2015.
Rogers, J. C., 1988: Precipitation variability over the Caribbean and tropical Americas associated with the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 1, 172-182.
Rogers, J. C., 1990: Patterns of low-frequency monthly sea level pressure variability (1899-1986) and associated wave cyclone frequencies. J. Climate, 3, 1364-1379.
Rogers, J. C. and H. v. Loon, 1979: The seesaw in winter temperatures between Greenland and northern Europe. Part II: Some oceanic and atmospheric effects in middle and high latitudes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 509-519.
Rogers, J. C. and H. v. Loon, 1982: Spatial variability of sea level pressure and 500-mb height anomalies over the Southern Hemisphere. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 1375-1392.
Rogers, J. C. and M. J. McHugh, 2002: On the separability of the North Atlantic oscillation and Arctic oscillation. Climate Dynamics, 19, 599-608.
Rogers, J. C. and M. N. Raphael, 1992: Meridional eddy sensible heat fluxes in the extremes of the Pacific/ North American te-leconnection pattern. J. Climate, 5, 127-139.
Rogers, J. C. and R. V. Rohli, 1991: Florida citrus freezes and polar anticyclones in the Great Plains. J. Climate, 4, 1103-1113.
Rogers, M. M., 2002: The evolution of strained turbulent plane wakes. J. Fluid Mech., 463, 53-120.
Rogers, M. M. and R. D. Moser, 1992: The three-dimensional evolution of a plane mixing layer: The Kelvin-Helmholtz rollup. J. Fluid Mech., 243, 183-226.
Rogers, R., S. Aberson, J. Kaplan, and S. Goldenberg, 2002: A Pronounced Upper-Tropospheric Warm Anomaly Encountered by the NOAA G-IV Aircraft in the Vicinity of Deep Convection. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 180-187.
Rogers, R. F. and J. M. Fritsch, 1996: A general framework for convective trigger functions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2438-2452.
Rogers, R. F. and J. M. Fritsch, 2001: Surface Cyclogenesis from Convectively Driven Amplification of Midlevel Mesoscale Convective Vortices. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 605.
Rogers, R. R., 1964: An extension of the ZR relation for Doppler radar. Preprints, 11th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Boulder, CO, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 158-161.
Rogers, R. R., 1971: The effect of variable target reflectivity on weather radar measurements. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 97, 154-167.
Rogers, R. R., 1976: A Short Course in Cloud Physics. Pergamon Press, 224 pp.
Rogers, R. R., D. Baumgardner, S. A. Ether, D. A. Carter, and W. L. Ecklund, 1993: Comparison of raindrop size distributions measured by a radar wind profiler and by airplane. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 694-699.
Rogers, R. R., S. A. Cohn, W. L. Ecklund, J. S. Wilson, and D. A. Carter, 1990: Experience from one year of operating a boundarylayer profiler in the center of a large city. Ann. Geophys., 12, 529-540.
Rogers, R. R., W. L. Ecklund, D. A. Carter, K. S. Gage, and S. A. Ethier, 1993: Research applications of a boundary-layer wind profiler. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 567-580.
Rogers, R. R., C. A. Knight, J. D. Tuttle, W. L. Ecklund, D. A. Carter, and S. A. Ethier, 1992: Radar reflectivity of clear air at wavelengths of 5.5 and 33 cm. Radio Sci., 27, 645-659.
Rogers, R. R. and M. K. Yau, 1989: A Short Course in Cloud Physics. 3rd ed. Pergamon Press, 293 pp.
Rogerson, A. M., 1999: Transcritical Flows in the Coastal Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 2761-2779.
Rogerson, M. A. and S. S. S. Cardoso, 2000: Patterns of bubble desorption during the solidification of a multi-component melt. J. Fluid Mech., 263.
Rognlien, T. D., X. Q. Xu, and A. C. Hindmarsh, 2002: Application of Parallel Implicit Methods to Edge-Plasma Numerical Simulations. J. Compu. Phy., 175, 249-268.
Rohaly, G. D. and T. N. Krishnamurti, 1993: An observing system simulation experiment for the Laser Atmospheric Wind Sounder (LAWS). J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1453Ò14-71.
Rohling, E. J. and H. L. Bryden, 1992: Man-induced salinity and temperature increases in western Mediterranean deep water. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 11191-11198.
Rohling, E. J., P. A. Mayewski, R. H. AbuZied, J. S. Casford, and A. Hayes, 2002: Holocene atmosphere-ocean interactions: records from Greenland and the Aegean Sea. Climate Dynamics, 18, 587-594.
Rohn, M., G. Kelly, and R. W. Saunders, 2001: Impact of a New Cloud Motion Wind Product from Meteosat on NWP Analyses and Forecasts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2392-2403.
Rohr, J. J., E. C. Itsweire, K. N. Helland, and C. W. V. Atta, 1988: Growth and decay of turbulence in a stably stratified shear flow. J. Fluid Mech., 187, 77-111.
Rokicki, M. L. and K. C. Young, 1978: The initiation of precipitation in updrafts. J. Appl. Meteor., 17, 745-754.
Roll, H. U., 1965: Physics of the Marine Atmosphere. Academic Press, 426 pp.
Rolph, G. D. and R. R. Draxler, 1990: Sensitivity of three-dimensional trajectories to the spatial and temporal densities of the wind field. J. Appl. Meteor., 29, 1043-1054.
Rolph, G. D., R. R. Draxler, and R. G. d. Pena, 1993: The use of modelderived and observed precipitation in longterm sulfur concentration and deposition modeling. Atmos. Environ., 27A, 2017-2037.
Romano, G. P. and R. A. Antonia, 2001: Longitudinal and transverse structure functions in a turbulent round jet: effect of initial conditions and Reynolds number. J. Fluid Mech., 436, 231-248.
Romano, V., 2002: 2D Simulation of a Silicon MESFET with a Nonparabolic Hydrodynamical Model Based on the Maximum Entropy Principle. J. Compu. Phy., 176, 70-92.
Romanov, P., G. Gutman, and I. Csiszar, 2000: Automated Monitoring of Snow Cover over North America with Multispectral Satellite Data. J. App. Meteor., 39, 1866.
Romanova, N. N., 1987: Explosive instability in a three-layered rotating liquid. Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys., 28, 343-350.
Romashkin, P. A., D. F. Hurst, J. W. Elkins, G. S. Dutton, D. W. Fahey, R. E. Dunn, F. L. Moore, R. C. Myers, and B. D. Hall, 2001: In Situ Measurements of Long-Lived Trace Gases in the Lower Stratosphere by Gas Chromatography. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 18, 1195-1204.
Romeiser, R., 1993: Global validation of the wave model WAM over a one-year period using Geosat wave height data. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 4713-4726.
Romero, R., 2001: Sensitivity of a heavy-rain-producing western Mediterranean cyclone to embedded potential-vorticity anomalies. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 2559-2598.
Romero, R., C. A. Doswell, and R. Riosalido, 2001: Observations and Fine-Grid Simulations of a Convective Outbreak in Northeastern Spain: Importance of Diurnal Forcing and Convective Cold Pools. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2157-2182.
Romero, R., C. A. Doswell Iii, and C. Ramis, 2000: Mesoscale Numerical Study of Two Cases of Long-Lived Quasi-Stationary Convective Systems over Eastern Spain. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3731.
Romero, R., C. Ramis, S. Alonso, C. A. D. III, and D. J. Stensrud, 1998: Mesoscale Model Simulations of Three Heavy Precipitation Events in the Western Mediterranean Region. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1859-1881.
Ronald, J., V. Zaneveld, E. Boss, and C. M. Moore, 2001: A Diver-Operated Optical and Physical Profiling System. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 18, 1421-1427.
Ronda, R. J., H. A. R. deBruin, and A. A. M. Holtslag, 2001: Representation of the Canopy Conductance in Modeling the Surface Energy Budget for Low Vegetation. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 1431-1444.
Rondy, D. R., 1976: Great Lakes ice cover. Limnology of Lake and Embayments. Great Lakes Basin Framework Study. 105117. [Available from Great Lakes Basin Commission, P.O. Box 999, 3475 Plymouth Rd.
Rongming, H., 2001: Why Is the Climate Forcing of Sulfate Aerosols So Uncertain? Adv. Atmos. Sci., 18, 1103-1120.
Ronnholm, K., M. B. Baker, and H. Harrison, 1980: Radiative transfer through media with uncertain or variable parameters. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1279-1290.
Rood, M. J., D. S. Covert, and and, 1987: Temperature and humidity controlled nephelometry: improvements and calibration. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 7, 57-656.
Rood, M. J., D. S. Covert, and T. V. Larson, 1987: Hygroscopic properties of atmospheric aerosol in Riverside, California. Tellus, 39(B), 383-397.
Rood, M. J., T. V. Larson, D. S. Covert, and N. C. Ahlquist, 1985: Measurement of laboratory and ambient aerosols with temperature and humidity controlled nephelometry. Atmos. Environ., 19, 1181-1190.
Rood, R., D. Allen, W. Baker, D. Lamich, and J. Kaye, 1989: The use of assimilated stratospheric data in constituent transport calculations. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 687-701.
Rood, R. and Coauthors, 1991: Three-dimensional simulations of wintertime ozone variability in the lower stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 5055-5071.
Rood, R., A. R. Douglass, J. A. Kaye, and D. B. Considine, 1993: Characteristics of wintertime and autumn nitric acid chemistry as defined by LIMB infrared monitor of the stratosphere (LIMS) data. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 18533-18545.
Rood, R. B., 1987: Numerical advection algorithms and their role in atmospheric transport and chemistry models. Rev. Geophys., 25, 71-100.
Rood, R. B., A. Douglas, and C. Weaver, 1992: Tracer exchange between tropics and middle latitudes. Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 805-808.
Rood, R. B., J. E. Nielsen, R. S. Stolarski, A. R. Douglass, J. A. Kaye, and D. J. Allen, 1992: Episodic total ozone minima and associated effects on heterogeneous chemistry and lower stratospheric transport. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7979-7996.
Roode, S. R. d. and P. G. Duynkerke, 1997: Observed Lagrangian Transition of Stratocumulus into Cumulus during ASTEX: Mean State and Turbulence Structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2157-2173.
Rõõm, R., 1998: Acoustic Filtering in Nonhydrostatic Pressure Coordinate Dynamics: A Variational Approach. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 654-668.
Rõõm, R. and A. Männik, 1999: "Responses of Different Nonhydrostatic, Pressure-Coordinate Models to Orographic Forcing". J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 2553-2570.
Room, R., P. M. A. Miranda, and A. J. Thorpe, 2001: Filtered non-hydrostatic models in pressure-related coordinates. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1277-1292.
Rooney, G. G., 2001: Comparison of Upwind Land Use and Roughness Length Measured in the Urban Boundary Layer. Bound. Layer Meteor., 100, 469-486.
Rooney, W., 1981: The Australian tropical cyclone season 19801981. Aust. Meteor. Mag., 29, 143-153.
Roos, D. v. d. S. and A. E. Carte, 1973: The falling behavior of oblate and spiky hailstones. J. Rech. Atmos., 7, 39-52. Sassen.
Roos, M., 1987: Possible changes in California snowmelt patterns. Proc. Fourth Pacific Climate Workshop, Pacific Grove, CA.
Roos, P. C. and P. Blondeaux, 2001: Sand ripples under sea waves. Part 4. Tile ripple formation. J. Fluid Mech., 447, 227-246.
Rooth, C., 1957: On a special aspect of the condensation process and its importance in the treatment of cloud particle growth. Tellus, 9, 372-377.
Rooth, C., 1972: A linearized bottom friction law for large-scale oceanic motions. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 2, 509-510.
Rooth, C., 1982: Hydrology and ocean circulation. Progress in Oceanography. Vol. 11, Pergamon 131-149.
Ropelewski, C., 1991: Real-time climate monitoring of global snow cover. Paleogeography. Global Planetary Change, 4, 225-229.
Ropelewski C. F, a., 1989: Precipitation patterns associated with the high index phase of the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 2, 268-284.
Ropelewski, C. F., 1988: The global climate for June-August 1988: A swing to the positive phase of the Southern Oscillation, drought in the United States, and abundant rain in monsoon areas. J. Climate, 1, 1153-1174.
Ropelewski, C. F. and and, 1996: Quantifying Southern Oscillationprecipitation relationships. J. Climate, 9, 1043-1059.
Ropelewski, C. F. and M. S. Halpert, 1986: North American precipitation and temperature patterns associated with the El Nino/ Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 2352-2362.
Ropelewski, C. F. and M. S. Halpert, 1986: North American precipitation and temperature patterns associated with the El NinòoSouthern Oscillation (ENSO). Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 2352- 23-62.
Ropelewski, C. F. and M. S. Halpert, 1987: Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the El NiÒo/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1606-1626.
Ropelewski, C. F. and M. S. Halpert, 1989: Precipitation patterns associated with the high index phase of the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 2, 268-284.
Ropelewski, C. F. and M. S. Halpert, 1992: Observed tropospheric biennal variability and its relationship to the southern oscillation. J. Climate, 5, 594-614.
Ropelewski, C. F. and M. S. Halpert, 1996: Quantifying Southern Oscillationprecipitation relationships. J. Climate, 9, 1043-1059.
Ropelewski, C. F., M. S. Halpert, and X. Wang, 1992: Observed tropospheric biennial variability and its relationship to the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 5, 594-614.
Ropelewski, C. F. and J. B. Jalickee, 1983: Estimating the significance of seasonal precipitation amounts using approximations of the inverse gamma function over an extended range. Preprints, Eighth Conf. on Probability and Statistics in the Atmospheric Sciences, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 125-129.
Ropelewski, C. F., J. E. Janowiak, and M. S. Halpert, 1985: The analysis and display of real-time surface climate data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1101-1106.
Ropelewski, C. F. and P. D. Jones, 1987: An extension of the Tahiti-Darwin Southern Oscillation index. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2161-2165.
Ropelewski, C. F. and X. L. Wang, 1994: Stability of ENSO-climate relationships. Preprints, Fifth Symp. on Global Change Studies, Nashville, TN.
Rorich, R. P. and C. R. Turner, 1994: Ambient monitoring network annual data report for 1993 and regional trend analysis. Rep. TRR/S94/059/rw, TR1, ESKOM.
Rorig, M. L. and S. A. Ferguson, 2002: The 2000 Fire Season: Lightning-Caused Fires. J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 786-791.
Rosati, A. and K. Miyakoda, 1988: A general circulation model for the upper ocean circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 18, 1601-1626.
Rosati, A., K. Miyakoda, and R. Gudgel, 1996: The impact of ocean initial conditions on ENSO forecasting with a coupled model. Mon. Wea. Rev., in press.
Rosati, A., K. Miyakoda, and R. Gudgel, 1997: The Impact of Ocean Initial Conditions on ENSO Forecasting with a Coupled Model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 754-772.
Rose, K., 1983: On the influence of nonlinear wave-wave interaction in a 3-d primitive equation model for sudden stratospheric warmings. Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 56, 220-236.
Rose, S. F., P. V. Hobbs, J. D. Locatelli, and M. T. Stoelinga, 2002: Use of a Mesoscale Model to Forecast Severe Weather Associated with a Cold Front Aloft. Wea. Forecasting, 17, 755-773.
Rose, W. G., 1962: Some corrections to the linearized response of a constant-temperature hot-wire anemometer operated in a low-speed flow. J. Appl. Mech., 1, 554-558.
Rosen, D. R., D. A. Salstein, and J. P. Peixoto, 1979: Variability in the annual fields of large scale atmospheric water vapor transport. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 26-37.
Rosen, H., T. Novakov, and B. A. Bodhaine, 1981: Soot in the Arctic. Atmos. Environ., 15, 1371-1374.
Rosen, J. M. and R. Greegor, 1974: Jet engine soot emission measured at altitude. J. Aircr., 11, 243-245.
Rosen, R. D., 1993: The axial momentum balance of earth and its fluid envelope. Surv. Geophys., 14, 1-29.
Rosen, R. D. and D. A. Salstein, 1980: A comparison between circulation statistics computed from conventional data and NMC Hough analyses. Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 1226-1247.
Rosen, R. D. and D. A. Salstein, 1983: Variations in atmospheric angular momentum on global and regional scales and the length of day. J. Geophys. Res., 88, 5451-5470.
Rosen, R. D. and D. A. Salstein, 2000: Multidecadal signals in the interannual variability of atmospheric angular momentum. Climate dynamics, 16, 693.
Rosen, R. D., D. A. Salstein, and J. P. Peixoto, 1979: Variability in the annual fields of large scale atmospheric water vapor transport. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 26-37.
Rosen, R. D., D. A. Salstein, J. P. Peixoto, A. H. Oort, and N.-C. Lau, 1985: Circulation statistics derived from level IIIb and station-based analyses during FGGE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 65-88.
Rosen, R. D., D. A. Salstein, and T. M. Wood, 1990: Discrepancies in the earth-atmosphere angular momentum budget. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 265-279.
Rosen, R. D., D. A. Salstein, and T. M. Wood, 1991: Zonal contributions to global momentum variations on intraseasonal through interannual time scales. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 5145-5151.
Rosenan, N. and M. Gilead, 1985: Rainfall, humidity, evaporation, climatic regions. Atlas of Israel, The Survey of Israel, 12.
Rosenberry, D. O., A. M. Sturrock, and T. C. Winter, 1993: Evaluation of the energy budget method of determining evaporation at Williams Lake, Minnesota, using alternative instrumentation and study approaches. Water Resour. Res., 29, 2473-2483.
Rosenbluth, M. N. and V. D. Shapiro, 1994: Analytical model of the ''tilting'' instability. Phys. Plasmas, 1, 222-225.
Rosenfeld, D., 1986: The dynamic characteristics of cumuliform clouds and cloud systems and their effect on the rainfall precipitated.
Rosenfeld, D., E. Amitai, and D. B. Wolff, 1995: Classification of rain regimes by the three-dimensional properties of reflectivity fields. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 198-211.
Rosenfeld, D. and and, 1993: Effects of cloud seeding in west Texas: Ad-ditional results and new insights. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1848-1866.
Rosenfeld, D., and, B. Silverman, C. Hartzell, W. Khantiyanan, W. Sunarn-janaset, and P. Sudnikoses, 1994: New results and insights to dynamic cloud seeding. Proc. Sixth WMO Scientific Conf. on Weather Modification. Paestum, Italy, World Meteorological Organization.
Rosenfeld, D., D. Atlas, and D. A. Short, 1990: The estimation of rainfall by area integrals. Part 2: The height-area rain threshold (HART) method. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 2161-2176.
Rosenfeld, D., D. Atlas, and D. A. Short, 1990: The estimation of convective rainfall by area integrals. Part II: The height area rainfall threshold (HART) method. J. Geophys. Res., 95( D3), 2161-2176.
Rosenfeld, D., D. Atlas, D. Wolff, and E. Amitai, 1992: Beamwidth effects on Z-R relations and area-integrated rainfall. J. Appl. Meteor., 31, 454-464.
Rosenfeld, D. and H. Farbstein, 1992: Possible influence of desert dust on seedability of clouds in Israel. J. Appl. Meteor., 31, 722-731.
Rosenfeld, D. and G. Gutman, 1994: Retrieving microphysical properties near the tops of potential rain clouds by multispectral analysis of AVHRR data. Atmos. Res., 34, 259-283.
Rosenfeld, D. and R. Nirel, 1996: Seeding effectiveness-The interaction of desert dust and the southern margins of rain cloud systems in Israel. J. Appl. Meteor., 35, 1502-1510.
Rosenfeld, D., D. Wolff, and E. Amitai, 1994: The window probability matching method for rainfall measurements with radar. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 682-693.
Rosenfeld, D., D. Wolff, and D. Atlas, 1993: General probabilitymatched relations between radar reflectivity and rain rate. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 50-72.
Rosenfeld, D. and W. L. Woodley, 1989: Effects of cloud seeding in west Texas. J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 1050-1080.
Rosenfeld, D. and W. L. Woodley, 1993: Effects of cloud seeding in west Texas: Additional results and new insights. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1848-1866.
Rosenfeld, L., R. L. Molinari, and K. D. Leaman, 1989: Observed and modeled annual cycle of transport in the Straits of Florida and east of Abaco Island, the Bahamas (26.5N). J. Geophys. Res., 94, 4867-4878.
Rosenfield, J. E., 1991: A simple parameterization of ozone infrared absorption for atmospheric heating rate calculations. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 9065-9074.
Rosenfield, J. E., M. R. Schoeberl, and M. A. Geller, 1987: A computation of the stratospheric diabatic circulation using an accurate radiative transfer model. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 859-876.
Rosenhead, L., 1931: The formation of vortices from a surface of discontinuity. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A., 134, 170-192.
Rosenkranz, P. W., 1992: Rough-sea microwave emissivities measured with the SSM/ I. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 30, 1081-1085.
Rosenkranz, P. W., 1993: Absorption of microwaves by atmospheric gases. Atmospheric Remote Sensing by Microwave Radiometry. M. A.
Rosenkranz, P. W., M. J. Komichak, and D. H. Staelin, 1982: A method for estimation of atmospheric water vapor profiles by microwave radiometry. J. Appl. Meteor., 21, 1364-1370.
Rosenlof, K. H. and J. R. Holton, 1993: Estimates of the stratospheric residual circulation using the downward control princi-ple. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10465-10479.
Rosenthal, A. J. and R. S. Lindzen, 1983: Instabilities in a stratified fluid having one critical level. Part I: Results. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 509-520.
Rosenthal, S. L., 1970: A circularly symmetric primitive equation model of tropical cyclone . development containing an explicit water vapor cycle. Mon. Wea. Rev., 98, 643-663.
Rosenthal, S. L., 1971: The response of a tropical cyclone model to variations in boundary layer parameters, initial conditions, lateral boundary conditions and domian size. Mon. Wea. Rev., 99, 767-777.
Rosenthal, S. L., 1971: The response of a tropical cyclone model to variations in boundary layer parameters, initial conditions, lat-eral boundary conditions, and domain size. Mon. Wea. Rev., 99, 767-777.
Rosenthal, S. L., 1978: Numerical simulation of tropical cyclone development with latent heat release by the resolvable scales. I. Model description and preliminary results. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 258-271.
Rosenthal, S. L., 1978: Numerical simulation of tropical cyclone development with latent heat release by resolvable scales. I: Model description and preliminary results. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 258-271.
Rosenthal, S. L., 1979: The sensitivity of simulated hurricane development to cumulus parameterization details. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 193197.
Rosenzweig, C. and F. Abramopoulos, 1995: Land surface model.
Rosier, S. M., B. N. Lawrence, D. G. Andrews, and F. W. Taylor, 1994: Dynamical evolution of the northern stratosphere in early winter 1991-92, as observed by the improved stratospheric and mesospheric sounder. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2783-2799.
Rosmond, T. E., 1992: The design and testing of the navy operational global atmospheric prediction system. Wea. Forecasting, 7, 262-272.
Ross, A. B., S. K. Wilson, and B. R. Duffy, 2001: Thin-film flow of a viscoplastic material round a large horizontal stationary or rotating cylinder. J. Fluid Mech., 309.
Ross, A. N., P. F. Linden, and S. B. Dalziel, 2002: A study of three-dimensional gravity currents on a uniform slope. J. Fluid Mech., 453, 239-262.
Ross, B. B., 1987: The role of low-level convergence and latent heating in a simulation of observed squall line formation. Mon. Wea Rev., 115, 2298-2321.
Ross, B. B. and I. Orlanski, 1978: The circulation associated with a cold front. Part II. Moist ease. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 445-465.
Ross, B. B. and I. Orlanski, 1982: The evolution of an observed cold front. Part I: Numerical simulation. J. Atmos. Sci, 39, 296-327.
Ross, D. B. and V. Cardone, 1974: Observations of oceanic white-caps and their relation to remote measurements of surface wind speed. J. Geophys. Res., 79, 444-452.
Ross, R., D. Gaffen, and J. Gille, 2001: Preface. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 5197.
Ross, R. J. and and, 1995: A numerical study of influences of Hurricane Gloria (1985) on the environment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 332-346.
Ross, R. J. and W. P. Elliott, 2001: Radiosonde-Based Northern Hemisphere Tropospheric Water Vapor Trends. J. Climate, 14, 1602.
Ross, R. J. and Y. Kurihara, 1992: A simplified scheme to simulate asymmetries due to the beta effect in barotropic vortices. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1620-1628.
Rossby, C. and Coauthors, 1939: Relations between variations in the intensity of the zonal circulation of the atmosphere and the dis-placement of the semipermanent centers of actions. J. Mar. Res., 2, 38-55.
Rossby, C.-G., 1926: On the solution of problems of atmospheric motion by means of model experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 54, 237Ò2-40.
Rossby, C.-G., 1927: The theory of atmospheric turbulenceÛAn historical resum» and an outlook. Mon. Wea. Rev., 55, 1Ò-5.
Rossby, C.-G., 1937: On the mutual adjustment of pressure and velocity distributions in certain simple current systems. J. Mar. Res., 1, 15Ò2-8.
Rossby, C.-G., 1938: On the mutual adjustment of pressure and velocity distributions in certain simple current systems. Part II. J. Mar. Res., 1, 239Ò2-63.
Rossby, C.-G., 1940: Planetary flow patterns in the atmosphere. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 66 (Suppl.), 68-87.
Rossby, C. G., 1938: On the mutual adjustment of pressure and velocity distribution in certain simple current systems. Part II. J. Mar. Res., ( Sears Foundation), 239-263.
Rossby, C. G., 1939: Relation between variations in the intensity of the zonal circulation of the atmosphere and the displacements of the semipermanent centers of action. J. Mar. Res., 2, 38-55.
Rossby, C. G., 1940: Planetary flow patterns in the atmosphere. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 66( Suppl.), 68-87.
Rossby, C. G., 1945: On the propagation of frequencies and energy in certain types of oceanic and atmospheric waves. J. Meteor., 2, 187-204.
Rossby, C. G., 1951: A comparison of current patterns in the atmosphere and in the ocean basins. Union Geod. et Geophys. Intern. 9th Assembly, Assoc. de Meteorol., Brussels.
Rossby, C. G. and Coauthors, 1937: Isentropic analysis. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 18, 201-209.
Rossby, C.-G. and Collaborators, 1939: Relation between variations in the intensity of the zonal circulation of the atmosphere and the displacements of the semipermanent centers of action. J. Mar. Res., 2, 38Ò5-5.
Rossby, C.-G. and R. H. Weightman, 1926: Application of the polar-front theory to a series of American weather maps. Mon. Wea. Rev., 54, 485-496.
Rossby, H. T., 1965: On thermal convection driven by non-uniform heating from below: An experimental study. Deep-Sea Res., 12, 9-16.
Rossby, H. T., D. Dorson, and J. Fontaine, 1986: The RAFOS system. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 3, 672-679.
Rossby, H. T., J. Ellis, and D. C. Webb, 1993: An efficient sound source for wide-area RAFOS navigation. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 397-403.
Rossby, T., 1987: On the energetics of the Gulf Stream at 737W. J. Mar. Res., 45, 59-82.
Rossby, T., 1988: Five drifters in a Mediterranean salt lens. Deep-Sea Res., 35, 1653-1663.
Rossby, T., D. Dorson, and J. Fontaine, 1986: The RAFOS system. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 3, 672-678.
Rossow, C.-C., 2000: A Flux-Splitting Scheme for Compressible and Incompressible Flows. J. Comp. Phys., 164, 104.
Rossow, W. B., 1989: Measuring cloud properties from space: A review. J. Climate, 2, 201-213.
Rossow, W. B., 1995: Another look at the seasonal variation of polar cloudiness with satellite and surface observations. Preprints, Fourth Conf. on Polar Meteorology and Oceanography, Dallas, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc., (J10)1-(J10)-4.
Rossow, W. B. and and, 1993: Validation of ISCCP cloud detections. J. Climate, 6, 2370-2393.
Rossow, W. B. and Coauthors, 1985: ISCCP cloud algorithm intercomparison. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 24, 877-903.
Rossow, W. B., C. Delo, and B. Cairns, 2002: Implications of the Observed Mesoscale Variations of Clouds for the Earth's Radiation Budget. J. Climate, 15, 557-585.
Rossow, W. B. and L. C. Garder, 1993: Cloud detection using measurements of infrared and visible radiances for ISCCP. J. Climate, 6, 2341-2369.
Rossow, W. B. and L. C. Garder, 1993: Validation of ISCCP cloud detections. J. Climate, 6, 2370-2393.
Rossow, W. B., L. C. Garder, and A. A. Lacis, 1989: Global, seasonal cloud variations from satellite radiance measurements. Part I: Sensitivity of analysis. J. Climate, 2, 419-458.
Rossow, W. B., E. Kinsella, A. Wolf, and L. Garder, 1987: International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project description of reduced resolution radiance data. WMO TD-58. World Meteorological Organization/ International Council of Scientific Unions, 143.
Rossow, W. B. and A. A. Lacis, 1990: Global, seasonal cloud variation from satellite radiance measurements. Part II: Cloud properties and radiative effects. J. Climate, 3, 1204-1253.
Rossow, W. B. and R. A. Schiffer, 1991: ISCCP Cloud Data Prod-ucts. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 72, 2-20.
Rossow, W. B. and R. A. Schiffer, 1991: ISCCP cloud data products. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 72, 1-20.
Rossow, W. B., A. W. Walker, and L. C. Garder, 1993: Comparison of ISCCP and other cloud amounts. J. Climate, 6, 2394-2418.
Rossow, W. B. and Y.-C. Zhang, 1995: Calculation of surface and top-of-atmosphere radiative fluxes from physical quantities based on ISCCP datasets. Part II: Validation and first results. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 1167-1197.
Rossow, W. B. and Y.-C. Zhang, 1995: Calculation of surface and top of atmosphere radiative fluxes from physical quantities based on ISCCP data sets 2. Validation and first results. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 1167-1199.
Rossow, W. L. and R. A. Schiffer, 1991: ISCCP cloud data products. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 72, 2-21.
Rotach, M. W., 2001: Simulation of Urban-Scale Dispersion Using a Lagrangian Stochastic Dispersion Model. Bound. Layer Meteor., 99, 379-410.
Roth, M., T. R. Oke, and W. J. Emery, 1989: Satellite derived urban heat islands from three coastal cities and the utilisation of such data in urban climatology. Int. J. Remote Sens., 10(11), 1699-1720.
Rothacher, M., 1992: Orbits of Satellite Systems in Geodesy.geodaet.geophys. Arbeit. Schweiz, 46, 243.
Rothermel, J. and E. M. Agee, 1980: Aircraft investigation of mesoscale cellular convection during AMTEX 75. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1027-1040.
Rothermel, J. and and, 1986: A numerical study of atmospheric convective scaling. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1185-1197.
Rothermel, J. and W. D. Jones, 1985: Ground-based measurements of atmospheric backscatter and absorption using coherent CO2 lidar. Appl. Opt., 24, 3487-3496.
Rothermel, J., C. Kessinger, and D. L. Davis, 1985: Dual-Doppler lidar measurement of winds in the JAWS experiment. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 2, 138-147.
Rothermel, R. C., 1972: A mathematical model for predicting fire spread in wildland fuels. USDA Forest Service Research Paper INT-115. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT.
Rothman, L. S., 1983: AFGL atmospheric line parameters compilation: 1982 edition. Appl. Opt., 22, 2247-2256.
Rothman, L. S., 1992: The HITRAN molecular database: Editions of 1991 and 1992. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 48, 469-509.
Rothman, L. S. and Coauthors, 1987: The HITRAN database: 1986 edition. Appl. Optics, 26, 4058-4097.
Rothman, L. S. and Coauthors, 1992: HITRAN molecular data-base: Edition '92. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 48, 469-508.
Rothman, L. S. and Coauthors, 1992: The HITRAN molecular database: Editions of 1991 and 1992. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 48, 469-507.
Rothrock, D. A., 1975: The energetics of the plastic deformation of pack ice by ridging. J. Geophys. Res., 80, 4515-4519.
Rothrock, D. A., 1975: The steady drift of an incompressible arctic ice cover. J. Geophys. Res., 80, 387-397.
Rothschild, B. J. and T. R. Osborn, 1988: Small-scale turbulence and plankton contact rates. J. Plankton. Res., 10, 465-474.
Rothstein, L. M., M. J. McPhaden, and J. A. Proehl, 1988: Wind forced wave-mean flow interactions in the equatorial wave-guide. Part I: The Kelvin wave. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 18, 1435-1446.
Rotman, D. A., J. R. Tannahill, and S. R. Kawa, 2001: Global Modeling Initiative assessment model: Model description, integration, and testing of the transport shell. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 1669.
Rotstayn, L. D. and U. Lohmann, 2002: Tropical Rainfall Trends and the Indirect Aerosol Effect. J. Climate, 15, 2103-2116.
Rott, H., K. Sturm, and H. Miller, 1993: Active and passive microwave signatures of Antarctic firn by means of field measurements and satellite data. Ann. Glaciol., 17, 337-343.
Rott, N., 1958: On the viscous core of a line vortex. Z. Angew. Math. Physik, 96, 543-553.
Rotta, J. C., 1951: Statistische Theorie nichthomogener Turbulenz. Z. Phys., 129, 547-572.
Rotta, J. C., 1951: Statistische Theorie nichthomogener Turbulenz. 1. Z. Phys., 129, 547-572.
Rottger, J. and M. F. Larsen, 1990: UHF/VHF radar techniques for atmospheric research and wind profiler applications. Radar In Meteorology, D. Atlas, Ed., American Meteorological Society, 235-281.
Rottman, G. J., T. N. Woods, and T. P. Sparn, 1993: Solar Stellar Irradiance Comparison Experiment I. Part 1: Instrument design and operation. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10 667-10 677. Russell.
Rottman, J. W. and J. C. R. H. A. Mercer, 1985: The initial and gravity-spreading phases of heavy gas dispersion: comparison of models with phase I data. J. Hazardous Materials, 11, 261 -279.
Rottman, J. W. and J. E. Simpson, 1989: The formation of internal bores in the atmosphere: A laboratory model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 115, 941-963.
Rottman, J. W. and R. B. Smith, 1989: A laboratory model of severe downslope winds. Tellus, 41A, 401-415.
Rottmann, J. W. and J. E. Simpson, 1983: Gravity currents produced by instantaneous releases of a heavy fluid in a rectangular channel. J. Fluid Mech, 135, 95-110.
Rotunno, R., 1977: Numerical simulation of a laboratory vortex. J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1942-1956.
Rotunno, R., 1979: A study in tornado-like vortex dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 140-155.
Rotunno, R., 1981: On the evolution of thunderstorm rotation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 171-180.
Rotunno, R., 1983: On the linear theory of the land-and sea-breeze. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1999-2005.
Rotunno, R., 1986: Tornadoes and tornadogenesis. Mesoscale Meteorology and Forecasting, Ray, P., Ed., American Meteorological Society, 414-436.
Rotunno, R., 1993: Supercell thunderstorm modeling and theory. The Tornado: Its Structure, Dynamics, Hazards, and Prediction, Geophys. Monogr., No. 79. Amer. Geophys. Union, 57-73.
Rotunno, R. and K. A. Emanuel, 1987: An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part II: An evolutionary study using a hydrostatic axisymmetric numerical model. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 543-561.
Rotunno, R. and M. Fantini, 1989: Petterssen's ''type B'' cyclogenesis in terms of discrete, neutral Eady modes. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3599-3604.
Rotunno, R., V. Grubii, and P. K. Smolarkiewicz, 1999: Vorticity and Potential Vorticity in Mountain Wakes. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 2796-2810.
Rotunno, R. and J. B. Klemp, 1982: The influence of the shear-induced pressure gradient on thunderstorm motion. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 136-151.
Rotunno, R. and J. B. Klemp, 1985: On the rotation and propagation of simulated supercell thunderstorms. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 271-292.
Rotunno, R., J. B. Klemp, and M. Weisman, 1990: Comment on "A numerical investigation of the organization and interaction of the convective and stratiform regions of tropical squall lines". J. Atmos. Sci., 47.
Rotunno, R., J. B. Klemp, and M. L. Weisman, 1988: A theory for strong long-lived squall lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 463-485.
Rotunno, R., W. Skamarock, and C. Snyder, 1994: An analysis of frontogenesis in numerical simulations of baroclinic waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3373-3398.
Rotunno, R., W. C. Skamarock, and C. Snyder, 1998: Effects of Surface Drag on Fronts within Numerically Simulated Baroclinic Waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2119-2129.
Rouault, M., S. A. White, C. J. C. Reason, J. R. E. Lutjeharms, and I. Jobard, 2002: Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction in the Agulhas Current Region and a South African Extreme Weather Event. Wea. Forecasting, 17, 655-669.
Rouhi, A., R. Schult, and J. Wright, 1999: A New Time Stepping Method for the Solution of the Shallow Water Equations on a Rotating Sphere. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 1862-1871.
Roulston, M. S. and L. A. Smith, 2002: Evaluating Probabilistic Forecasts Using Information Theory. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1653-1660.
Rounds, W., 1955: Solutions of the two-dimensional diffusion equations. Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 36, 395-405.
Rouse, H., W. D. Baines, and H. W. Humphreys, 1953: Free convection over parallel sources of heat. Proc. Phys. Soc., 116, 393-399.
Rouse, H., C. S. Yih, and H. W. Humphreys, 1952: Gravitational convection from a boundary source. Tellus, 4, 201-210.
Routhier, F., R. Dennett, D. D. Davis, A. Warthburg, P. Haugenson, and A. C. Delany, 1980: Free tropospheric and boundary-layer airborne measurements of ozone over the latitude of 587S to 707N. J. Geophys. Res., 85, 7307-7321.
Roux, D. Y. L., A. Staniforth, and C. A. Lin, 1998: Finite Elements for Shallow-Water Equation Ocean Models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1931-1951.
Roux, F., 1985: Retrieval of thermodynamic fields from multiple-Doppler radar data using the equations of motion and the ther-modynamic equation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 2142-2157.
Roux, F., 1988: The West African squall line on 23 June during COPT 81: Kinematics and thermodynamics of the convective region. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 406-426.
Roux, F., 1988: The West African squall line observed on 23 June 1981 during COPT 81. Kinematics and thermodynamics of the convective region. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 406-426.
Roux, F., 1995: Thermodynamic structure and evolution of mesoscale convective systems observed with airborne Doppler radar during TOGA-COARE. Preprints, 21st Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Miami, FL, =Amer. Meteor. Soc., 434-436.
Roux, F. and F. D. M. Jr., 1991: Eyewall evolution in Hurricane Hugo deduced from successive airborne Doppler observations. Proc. 19th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Miami, FL, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 558-563.
Roux, F. and J. Sun, 1990: Single-Doppler observations of a West African squall line on 27-28 May 1981 during COPT 81: Kinematics, thermodynamics and water budget. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1826-1854.
Roux, F., J. Testud, M. Payen, and B. Pinty, 1984: West African squall-line thermodynamic structure retrieved from dual-Doppler radar observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 3104-3121.
Roux, F. and N. Viltard, 1995: Structure and evolution of Hurricane Claudette on 7 September 1991 from airborne Doppler observations. Part I: Kinematics. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 2611-2639.
Rowell, D. P., 2001: Teleconnections between the tropical Pacific and the Sahel. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1683-1706.
Rowell, D. P., C. K. Folland, K. Maskell, J. A. Owen, and M. N. Ward, 1991: Modelling the influence of global sea surface temperatures on the variability and predictability of seasonal Sahel rainfall. Geophy. Res. Lett. 19, 905-908.
Rowell, D. P., C. K. Folland, K. Maskell, and M. K. Ward, 1995: Variability of summer rainfall over tropical North Africa (1986-92) : Observation and modeling. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 669-704.
Rowell, D. P., C. K. Folland, K. Maskell, and M. N. Ward, 1995: Variability of summer rainfall over tropical north Africa (1906-1992) : Observations and modelling. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 699-704.
Rowland, J. R. and S. M. Babin, 1987: Fine-scale measurements of microwave refractivity profiles with helicopter and low-cost rocket probes. Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Dig. 8, 413-417.
Rowley, C. and I. Ginis, 1999: Implementation of a Mesh Movement Scheme in a Multiply Nested Ocean Model and Its Application to Air-Sea Interaction Studies. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 1879-1896.
Rowley, C. W., T. Colonius, and A. J. Basu, 2002: On self-sustained oscillations in two-dimensional compressible flow over rectangular cavities. J. Fluid Mech., 455, 315-346.
Rowntree, P., 1972: Influence of tropical east Pacific temperatures on the atmosphere. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 98, 290-321.
Rowntree, P., 1988: Review of general circulation models as a bias for predicting the effects of vegetation change on climate. Proc. United Nations University Workshop on Forest, Climate, and Hydrology Regional Impacts.
Rowntree, P. R., 1978: Numerical prediction and simulation of the tropical atmosphere. Meteorology over the Tropical Oceans, R. Meteor. Soc., 278.
Rowntree, P. R. and J. A. Bolton, 1978: Experiments with soil moisture anomalies over Europe. In "The GARP Programme on Numerical Experimentation: Research Activities in Atmospheric and Ocean Modelling" (R. Asselin, ed.). Rep. 18, 1-63. pp.
Rowntree, P. R. and J. A. Bolton, 1983: Simulation of the atmo-spheric response to soil moisture anomalies over Europe. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 109, 501-526.
Rowntree, P. R. and J. A. Bolton, 1983: Simulation of the atmospheric response to soil moisture anomalies over Europe. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 109, 501-526.
Rowson, D. R. and S. J. Colluci, 1992: Synoptic climatology of thermal lowpressure systems over South-Western North Amer-ica. Int. J. Climatol., 12, 529-545.
Roy, R. V., A. J. Roberts, and M. E. Simpson, 2002: A lubrication model of coating flows over a curved substrate in space. J. Fluid Mech., 454, 235-262.
Royer, J. F., S. Planto, and M. Deque, 1990: A sensitivity experiment for the removal of Arctic sea ice with the French spectral general circulation model. Climate Dyn., 5, 1-17.
Rozbicki, J. J., G. S. Young, and L. Qian, 1999: Test of a Convective Wake Parameterization in the Single-Column Version of CCM3. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 1347-1361.
Rozenberg, V. I., 1972: Scattering and Extinction of Electromagnetic Radiation by Atmospheric Particles. Hydrometeoizdat, 348.
Rozendaal, M. A., C. B. Leovy, and S. A. Klein, 1995: An observational study of diurnal variations of marine stratiform cloud. J. Climate, 8, 1795-1809.
Ru® melin, W., 1982: Numerical treatment of stochastic differential equations. SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 19, 604-613.
Ruban, A. I. and I. Turkylimaz, 2000: On laminar separation at a corner point in transonic flow. J. Fluid Mech., 345.
Rubel, F. and M. Hantel, 2001: BALTEX 1/6-degree daily precipitation climatology 1996-1998. Meteor. Atmos. Phy., 77, 155-166.
Rubenstein, D. M. and G. O. Roberts, 1986: Scattering of inertial waves by an ocean front. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 16, 121-131.
Rubin, W. L., 2000: Radar--Acoustic Detection of Aircraft Wake Vortices. J. Atmos. Ocean Tech., 17, 1058.
Rucklidge, A. M., N. O. Weiss, and M. R. E. Proctor, 2000: Compressible magnetoconvection in three dimensions: pattern formation in a strongly stratified layer. J. Fluid Mech., 283.
Rucong, Y., Y. Yongqiang, and Z. Minghua, 2001: Comparing Cloud Radiative Properties between the Eastern China and the Indian Monsoon Region. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 18, 1090-1102.
Ruddick, B., A. Anis, and K. Thompson, 2000: Maximum Likelihood Spectral Fitting: The Batchelor Spectrum. J. Atmos. Ocean Tech., 17, 1541.
Ruddiman, W. F. and A. McIntyre, 1981: The North Atlantic ocean during the last glaciation. Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoe-col., 35, 145-214.
Rudels, B., 1990: Haline convection in the Greenland Sea. Deep-Sea Res., 37(9), 1491-1511.
Rudels, B., D. Quadfasel, H. Friedrich, and M.-N. Houssais, 1989: Greenland Sea convection in the winter of 1987-1988. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 3223-3227.
Rudge, A. W. and N. A. Adatia, 1975: New class of primary-feed antennas for use with offset parabolic-reflector antennas. Inst. Elec. Eng. Electron. Lith., 11, 597-599.
Rudnick, D. L. and and, 1993: Observations of superinertial and nearinertial wind-driven flow. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 2351-2359.
Rudnick, D. L. and R. E. Davis, 1988: Mass and heat budgets on the northern California continental shelf. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 14013-14024.
Rudnick, D. L. and R. A. Weller, 1993: The heat budget of the North Atlantic Subtropical Frontal Zone. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 6883-6893.
Rudolf, B., H. Hauschild, W. Rueth, and U. Schneider, 1994: terrestrail precipitation analysis: Operational method and required density of point measurements. NATO ASI Series, I26, 173-186.
Rudolph, J., E. Czuba, and L. Huang, 2000: The stable carbon isotope fractionation for reactions of selected hydrocarbons with OH-radicals and its relevance for atmospheric chemistry. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 29329.
Ruelle, D. and F. Takens, 1971: On the nature of turbulence. Commun. Math. Phys., 20, 167-192.
Ruffieux, D., W. D. Neff, and R. M. Banta, 1992: Visualization of flows channeled in canyons using doppler lidar data. Preprints, Sixth Conf. on Mountain Meteorology, Portland, OR, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 111-115.
Ruffieux, D. and P. O. G. Persson, 1995: Ice pack and lead surface energy budgets during LEADEX 1992. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 4593-4612.
Ruggaber, A., R. Dlugi, and T. Nakajima, 1994: Modelling radiation quantities and photolysis frequencies in the troposphere. J. Atmos. Chem., 18, 171-210.
Ruggiero, F. H., G. D. Modica, and A. E. Lipton, 2000: Assimilation of Satellite Imager Data and Surface Observations to Improve Analysis of Circulations Forced by Cloud Shading Contrasts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 434-448.
Ruggiero, F. H., K. D. Sashegyi, A. E. Lipton, R. V. Madala, and S. Raman, 1999: Coupled Assimilation of Geostationary Satellite Sounder Data into a Mesoscale Model Using the Bratseth Analysis Approach. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 802-821.
Ruggiero, F. H., K. D. Sashegyi, R. V. Madala, and S. Raman, 1996: The use of surface observations in four-dimensional data assimilation using a mesoscale model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 1018-1033.
Rui, H. and B. Wang, 1990: Development characteristics and dynamic structure of tropical intraseasonal convection anomalies. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 357-379.
Rui, H. and B. Wang, 1990: Synoptic climatology of transient tropical intraseasonal convective anomalies. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 44, 43-61.
Ruith, M. and E. Melburg, 2000: Miscible rectilinear displacements with gravity override. Part 1. Homogeneous porous medium. J. Fluid Mech., 225.
Ruiz-Barradas, A., J. A. Carton, and S. Nigam, 2000: Structure of Interannual-to-Decadal Climate Variability in the Tropical Atlantic Sector. J. Climate, 13, 3285.
Rukhovets, L., J. Tenenbaum, and M. Geller, 1998: The Impact of Additional Aircraft Data on the Goddard Earth Observing System Analyses. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2927-2941.
Ruledge, S. A. and P. V. Hobbs, 1983: The mesoscale and micro-scale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in mid-latitude cyclone. Part VIII: A model for the ''seeder-feeder'' process in warm-frontal rainbands. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2949-2972.
Ruledge, S. A. and P. V. Hobbs, 1983: The mesoscale and micro-scale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclone. Part VIII: A model for the ''seederfeeder'' process in warm-frontal rainbands. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2949-2972.
Runca, E. and F. Sardei, 1975: Numerical treatment of time dependent advection and diffusion of air pollutants. Atmos. Environ., 9, 69-80.
Running, S. W., R. R. Nemani, and R. D. Hungerford, 1987: Extrapolation of synoptic meteorological data in mountainous terrain and its use for simulating forest evapotranspiration and photo-synthesis. Can. J. Forest Resour., 17, 472-483.
Ruppersberg, G. H., 1959: Recent approaches to recording the visibility on airports. Scientific Society for Air Traffic. 230-236.
Ruppersberg, G. H., 1964: Registrierung der Sichtweite mit dem Streulichtschreiber. Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 37, 252-263.
Ruppersberg, G. H., 1978: The correct spectral weighting of the meteorological visibility. Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 51, 247-256.
Ruppersberg, G. H., H. V. Redwitz, and R. Schellhase, 1975: Atmospheric trans-mission and scattering in the visible and in the windows of the IR-region to 5 mm (in German). Rep. No. T 752-I-203.
Ruppert, P., 1991: Hypsometer having controlled heating. particularly for use in meteorological radiosondes. U.S. Patent No. 5 048 337; Europe-Patent No. 042-7662.
Ruprecht, E. and W. M. Gray, 1976: Analysis of satellite-observed tropical cloud clusters II thermal moisture and precipitation fields. Tellus, 28, 414-426.
Rusak, Z. and J. H. Lee, 2002: The effect of compressibility on the critical swirl of vortex flows in a pipe. J. Fluid Mech., 461, 301-320.
Ruscher, P. H. and T. P. Condo, 1996: Development of a rapidly deepening extratropical cyclone over land. Part I: Kinematic aspects. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 1609-1632.
Ruscher, P. H. and T. P. Condo, 1996: Development of a rapidly deepening extratropical cyclone over land. Part II: Thermodynamic aspects and the role of frontogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 1633-1647.
Ruschy, D. L., D. G. Baker, and R. H. Skaggs, 1991: Seasonal variation in daily temperature ranges. J. Climate, 4, 1211-1216.
Rusin, N. P., 1964: Meteorological and Radiational Regime of Antarctica. Israel Program for Scientific Translations. 3-55.
Rusina, E. N. and V. F. Rodionov, 1984: The influence of natural and artificial atmospheric pollution on the background characteristics of aerosol extinction (in Russian). Radiatsiya, Oblachnost', Aerosol v Atmosfere i Metody ikh Issledovaniya. Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 51-53.
Russak, V. K., 1987: On modern changes in atmospheric transparency (in Russian, summary in English). Meteor. i Gidrol., 3, 53-57.
Russak, V. K., 1990: Trends of solar radiation, cloudiness, and atmospheric transparency during recent decades in Estonia. Tellus, 42B, 206-210.
Russel, G. and J. R. Miller, 1990: Global river runoff calculated from a global atmospheric general circulation model. J. Hydrol., 117, 241-254.
Russell, A. G., K. F. McCue, and G. R. Cass, 1988: Mathematical modeling of the formation of nitrogen-containing air pollutants1. Evaluation of an eulerian photochemical model. Environ. Sci. Technol., 22, 263-271.
Russell, A. T. and R. J. Sica, 2001: Observations of high-frequency temporal gravity wave spectra in the middle upper stratosphere (Paper 2000JD900644). J. Geophy. Res., 106, 11,849-11,858.
Russell, G. L. and J. A. Lerner, 1981: A new finite-differencing scheme for the tracer transport equation. J. Appl. Meteor., 20, 1483-1498.
Russell, J. E. and J. D. Haigh, 1999: Effect of Cloud Vertical Inhomogeneity on the Retrieval of Cirrus Cloud Temperature and Infrared Optical Depth Using the ASTR. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 2601-2612.
Russell, L. M., R. C. Flagan, and J. H. Seinfeld, 1995: Asymmetric instrument response due to mixing effects in accelerated DMA-CPC measurements. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 23, 491-509.
Russell, L. M., S. N. Pandis, and J. H. Seinfeld, 1994: Aerosol pro-duction and growth in the marine boundary layer. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20989-21003.
Russell, L. M., M. R. Stolzenburg, R. Caldow, S. H. Zhang, R. C. Flagan, and J. H. Seinfeld, 1996: Radially classified aero-sol detector for aircraft-based submicron aerosol measurements. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 13, 598Ò6-09.
Russian)., G. M. R., 1972: Bottom topographyinduced detachment of the boundary current from the shore (linear barotropic model). Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 202, 16-18 (Translated from.
Russian)., M. C., A. Krupitsky, and N. Naik, 1994: On the influence of bottom topography on the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport. Annales Geophysicae. European Geophysical Society. Part II. Oceans, Atmosphere, Hydrology and Nonlinear Geophysics. Suppl. II to Vol. 12.
Rust, D. W. and D. R. MacGorman, 1985: Unusual positive cloud-toground lightning in Oklahoma storms on 13 May 1983. Preprints, 14th Conf. Severe Local Storms, Indianapolis, IN.
Rust, W. D., 1989: Utilization of a mobile laboratory for stom electricity measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 13305-13311.
Rust, W. D., R. Davies-Jones, D. W. Burgess, R. A. Maddox, L. C. Showell, T. C. Marshall, and D. K. Lauritsen, 1990: Testing a mobile version of a Cross-Chain Loran Atmospheric (M-CLASS) Sounding System. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 173-180.
Rust, W. D., W. L. Taylor, and D. R. MacGorman, 1981: Research on electrical properties of severe thunderstorms in the Great Plains. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 62, 1286-1293.
Rusticucci, M. M. and V. E. Kousky, 2002: A Comparative Study of Maximum and Minimum Temperatures over Argentina: NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis versus Station Data. J. Climate, 15, 2089-2101.
Rutherford, I. D., 1976: An operational three-dimensional multivariate statistical objective analysis scheme. In "The GARP Programme on Numerical Experimentation," Rep. 11, 98-121 pp.
Rutherford, I. D., 1976: An operational three-dimensional multivariate statistical objective analysis scheme. Proc. JOC Study Group Conf. on Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation, GARP Rep. No. 11, WMO.
Rutledge, S. A., 1986: A diagnostic modeling study of the stratiform region associated with a tropical squall line. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1356-1377.
Rutledge, S. A., 1989: A severe frontal rainband. Part IV: precipitation mechanisms, diabatic processes and rainband mainte-nance. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3570-3594.
Rutledge, S. A., 1991: Middle latitude and tropical mesoscale convective systems. Rev. Geophys. (Suppl.), 29, 88-97.
Rutledge, S. A. and P. V. Hobbs, 1983: The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. Part VIII: A model for the feeder-seeder process in warm frontal rainbands. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1185-1206.
Rutledge, S. A. and P. V. Hobbs, 1984: The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. Part Xll: A diagnostic modeling study of precipitation development in narrow cold-frontal rainbands. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2949-2972.
Rutledge, S. A. and R. A. Houze, Jr., 1987: A diagnostic modeling study of the trailing stratiform region of a midlatitude squall line. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2640-2656.
Rutledge, S. A., R. A. Houze, Jr., M. I. Biggerstaff, and T. Matejka, 1988: The Oklahoma-Kansas mesoscale convective system of 10-11 June 1985: Precipitation structure and single- Doppler radar analysis. Mon. Wea Rev., 116, 1409-1430.
Rutledge, S. A., R. A. Houze, Jr., A. J. Heymsfield, and M. I. Biggerstaff, 1988: Dual Doppler and airborne microphysical observations in the stratiform region of the 10- 11 June MCS over Kansas during PRESTORM. Preprints, Tenth Int. Cloud Physics Conf. Ofenbach am Mam, Deutshcer Wetterdienst, 705-707.
Rutledge, S. A., C. Lu, and D. R. MacGorman, 1990: Positive cloud-to-ground lightning in mesoscale convective systems. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2085-2100.
Rutledge, S. A. and D. R. MacGorman, 1988: Cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the 10-11 June 1985 convective system observed during the Oklahoma-Kansas PRE-STORM project. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1393-1408.
Rutledge, S. A. and D. R. MacGorman, 1988: Cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the 10-11 June 1985 mesoscale convective system observed during the Oklahoma-Kansas PRE-STORM Project. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1393-1408.
Rutledge, S. A. and W. A. Petersen, 1994: Vertical radar reflectivity structure and cloud-to-ground lightning in the stratiform region of MCS's: Further evidence for insitu charging in the stratiform region. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 1760-1776.
Rutledge, S. A., E. R. Williams, and T. D. Keenan, 1992: The Down Under Doppler and Electricity Experiment ( DUNDEE) : Overview and preliminary results. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 73, 3-16.
Rutledge, S. A., E. R. Williams, and W. A. Petersen, 1993: Lightning and electrical structure of mesoscale convective systems. Atmos. Res., 29, 27-53.
Rutllant, J. and H. Fuenzalida, 1991: Synoptic aspects of the central Chile rainfall variability associated with the Southern Oscillation. Int. J. Climatol., 11, 63-76.
Rutter, A. J., K. A. Kershaw, P. C. Robins, and A. J. Morton, 1971: A predictive model of rainfall interception in forests. Part I: Derivation of the model from a plantation of Corsican Pine. Agric. Meteor., 9, 367-384.
Ruuth, S. J. and B. Merriman, 2001: Convolution-Thresholding Methods for Interface Motion. J. Comp. Phy., 169, 678-707.
Ryabenkii, V. S., S. V. Tsynkov, and V. I. Turchaninov, 2001: Global Discrete Artificial Boundary Conditions for Time-Dependent Wave Propagation. J. Compu. Phy., 174, 712-758.
Ryan, A. P., 1984: Flying Weather-Manual of New Zealand Aviation Climatology. N. Z. Meteorological Service. 120.
Ryan, B. F., G. M. Barnes, and E. J. Zipser, 1992: A wide rainband in a developing tropical cyclone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 431-447.
Ryan, B. F., J. J. Katzfey, and M. K. Yau, 2000: Simulations of a Cold Front by Cloud-Resolving, Limited-Area, and Large-Scale Models, and a Model Evaluations Using In Situ and Satellite Observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3218.
Ryan, J. A. and R. D. Lucich, 1983: Possible dust devils, vortices on Mars. J. Geophys. Res., 88, 11005-11011.
Ryde, J. W., 1946: The attenuation and radar echoes produced at centimetre wave-lengths by various meteorological phenomena. Meteorological Factors in Radio Wave Propagation. Physical Society, 169-189.
Rye, B. J. and and, 1993: Discrete spectral peak estimation in inco-herent backscatter heterodyne lidar. II. Correlogram accumulation. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 31, 28-35.
Rye, B. J. and and, 1994: Spectral matched filters in coherent laser radar. J. Mod. Opt., 41, 2131-2144.
Rye, B. J. and R. M. Hardesty, 1993: Cramer-Rao lower bound-limited Doppler estimation using discrimination. Seventh Topical Meeting on Coherent Laser Radar Applications and Technology, Paris, France, CNES, CNRS, ESA, Ecole Polytechnique and OSA, 217-220.
Rye, B. J. and R. M. Hardesty, 1993: Discrete spectral peak estimation in incoherent backscatter heterodyne lidar. I. Spectral accumulation and the Cramer-Rao lower bound. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 31, 16-27.
Ryerson, T. B., E. J. Williams, and F. C. Fehsenfeld, 2000: An efficient photolysis system for fast-response NO2 measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 26447.
Rys, F. S. and A. Waldvogel, 1986: Fractal shape of hail clouds. Phys. Rev. Lett., 56, 784-787.
Ryzhkov, A. and D. S. Zrnic¥, 1996: Assessment of rainfall measurement that uses specific differential phase. J. Appl. Meteor., 35, in press.
Ryzhkov, A. V. and and, 1995: Precipitation and attenuation measurements at a 10-cm wavelength. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 2121-2134.
Ryzhkov, A. V., V. B. Zhuravlyov, and N. A. Rybakova, 1994: Preliminary results of X-band polarization radar studies of clouds and precipitation. J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., 11, 132-139.
Ryzhkov, A. V., D. S. Zrnic, J. C. Hubbert, V. N. Bringi, J. Vivekanandan, and E. A. Brandes, 2002: Polarimetric Radar Observations and Interpretation of Co-Cross-Polar Correlation Coefficients. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 19, 340-354.
Ryzhkov, A. V. and D. S. Zrnic¥, 1995: Comparison of dual-polarization radar estimators of rain. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 249-256.
Ryznar, E. and J. S. Touma, 1981: Charaeteristies of truelake breezes along the eastern shore of Lake Miehigan. Atmos. Environ., 15, 1201-1205.